Lymphocytes Flashcards
What is an antigen?
substence that triggers specific immune response when present in the body
what is an antibody?
specialized protien production in response to an antigen
what are the five classes of Ab? (IgGAMED)
IgG, IgM, IgE, IgA, IgD (GAMED)
what is IgG and IgM?
for bacteria and viruses
what is IgE?
Allergic responses
what is IgA?
protect Gi, urogenital, respiritory tracts
what is IgD?
present on surfaces of B-Lumphs and initiate humoral immune response
What happens when an Ag stimulates a B-Lymph?
the B-lymph divedes or transforms into cells that produce Ab
what do lymphocytes look like?
round cell with large round dark purple nucleus with smooth margins and very little blue cytoplasm
what are two types of lymphocytes?
T lymph and B lymphs
What do T lymphs do?
they actively kill effected cells or stimulate inflammation to attract neutrophils
what is cell mediated immunity?
the T cells control immunity
do T cells secrete ab/
no
What are T lymphs
they have Ag receptors on their bodies so they can recognize and react to other Ag and are effective to other cells with Ag on them. It gives a specific immune response to the intracellular phase of a viral infection, fungi, parasites, or bacteria.
What are B-Lymphs?
they deal with humoral immunity which deals with ab in the blood, plasma, and lymph
what do B lymphs do?
they see a Ag and create plasma cells and memory cells. the plasma cells with create antibodies to combat the Ag while the memory cells remember the Ab and save it for later.
where do memory cells live?
in the lymph nodes
how long does it take for the immune response to build up?
7-10 days
how long does the memory cell stage take?
24-48 hours
where will Ab go when they are produced?
they will circulate as a free gamma globulin protien in plasma until they combine with a specific Ag and neutralize it. a Eosinophil will then come eat it.
How many lymphocytes will appear in the blood stream?
10%
where do lymphocytes like to hang out?
lymphnodes, spleen and liver
Where do T-Cells come from?
from stem cells in red bone marrow and travel via the blood stream to the Thyamus gland to mature. T for Thymus
where do B cells come from?
from stem cells in the red bone marrow and travel via the blood stream to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes
how long are lymphnodes normally in the blood stream?
30 minutes
what are antigenicity stimulated lymph?
immunocytes larger/more intense cytoplasmic color with a dark purple rim on the cell membrane and somtimes with a golgi zone
what is the golgi zone?
clear perinuclear zone on Ig
which species have small lymphocytes with blue cytoplasm and in rare cases red cytoplasmic inclusions?
dogs
what species is simular to dogs but the nucleus can be slightly indented and no cytoplasmic inclusions?
cats
which species has lymphocytes straight up simular to dogs?
horses
which species has lymphocytes as the predomininant WBC. small in size and can have larger cells with alot of cytoplasm, indented nucleus, and pink/lavendar cytoplsmic inclusions?
bovine.
what are lymphoblasts?
large lymphs which contain nucleoli.
what are plasma cells?
rare in blood, eccentrically placed around nucleus with a pale perinuclear area
