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Hematology > Erythrocyte Abnormalities > Flashcards

Erythrocyte Abnormalities Flashcards

0
Q

What are the signs of anemia? (6)

A

Decreased exercise tolerance, lethargy, depression, pale mucous membranes, increased heart and respiration times

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1
Q

What is anemia?

A

Characterized by decreased RBC, PVC, or decreased ability to transport 02 to the tissues

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2
Q

How are anemias classified?

A

Morphology, disease symptoms and bone marrow response.

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3
Q

Can you classify anemia with only one criteria?

A

No

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4
Q

What are the three indices?

A

MCV, MCHC, MCH

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5
Q

What is MCV?

A

Cell size, micro, macro, or normocryptic

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6
Q

What is MCHC?

A

Stain intensity, normo or hypochromic

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7
Q

What is MCH?

A

No practical value, lab quality control.

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8
Q

Based on bone marrow response what can you conclude?

A

Regenerative or non-regenerative

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9
Q

What is regenerative anemia?

A

Erythropoiesis is taking place and bone marrow is responding to anemia

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10
Q

What will you see with increased erythropoiesis?

A

Increase in immature RBC in circulation

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11
Q

What can point to regenerative anemia?

A

Reticulocytes, increased polychromasia, anisocytosis, and erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow

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12
Q

What can the ability for the bone marrow to respond indicate?

A

Hemorrhage or hemolysis

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13
Q

How long does it take for a regenerative response to be seen in blood?

A

2-5 days

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14
Q

What is non-regenerative anemia?

A

Bone marrow is unable to respond

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15
Q

What will you not see with non-regenerative anemia?

A

Polychromasia and reticulocytosis

16
Q

What can cause non regenerative anemia?

A

Decreased erythropoietin, inadequate bone marrow response, or ineffective RBC production

17
Q

What is the most common cause if non regenerative anemia in cats?

A

FeLV

18
Q

If there are Nucleated RBC but no Reticulocytes what does thine mean?

A

Bone marrow disease such as FIV, Cancer, or viral

19
Q

What are five types of anemia?

A

Hemorrhagic, iron deficiency, Vit B12/frolic acid deficiency, aplastic.

20
Q

What is hemorrhagic anemia?

A

Results from loss of substantial quantities of blood.

21
Q

How long can it take to recover from hemorrhagic anemia?

A

1-2 weeks by erythropoiesis

22
Q

What can macro/hypo hemorrhagic anemia indicate?

A

Remission

23
Q

What will the indices look like in hemorrhagic anemia?

A

Increased MCV, decreased MCHC

24
Q

What is iron deficiency anemia?

A

Excessive loss, deficient intake, or poor absorption of iron.

25
Q

What will the RBC look like in iron deficient anemia?

A

Small and contain less hemoglobin

26
Q

What breed has cells that look like iron deficient cells?

A

Akitas

27
Q

What is frolic acid deficiency

A

Inability to absorb adequate amounts of Vit B12

28
Q

What will the RBC look like with frolic acid deficiency?

A

Small in number, larger than normal, more fragile

29
Q

What can cows have that look similar to frolic acid deficiency?

A

Cobalt deficiency

30
Q

What is aplastic anemia?

A

Inadequate production of RBC due to inhibition or destruction if red bone marrow

31
Q

What can cause aplastic anemia?

A

Radiation, toxins, medications, chloramphenicol

32
Q

What is autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

A

Body produces antibodies against antigens on RBC surface. Ab coat RBC surface and the RBC are removed from circulation perminently.

33
Q

What can accelerated RBC destruction cause?

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

34
Q

What causes autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

A

Can be primary disease or associated with other diseases (bacterial, viral, rickettsial)

35
Q

What is the most common cause of regerative anemia in dogs?

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

36
Q

What will the RBC look like with autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

A

Spherocytes

Hematology (15 decks)

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