Water review Flashcards
charges in water molecule
oxygen is partial negative
hydrogen is partial positive
angle of water molecule
104.5
electronegativity values are close
nonpolar covalent
electronegativity values are different
polar covalent
atoms are classified as metals
metallic bonding
atoms are classified as non metals
covalent bonds
electronegativity values are very different
ionic bonding
bond between oxygen and hydrogen is
polar
water is a ____ because the positive and negative charges are separate
dipole
three most important noncovalent bonds
ionic interactions
van der waals forces
hydrogen bonds
water molecules are attracted to each other by
hydrogen bonds
how many hydrogen bonds formed by one water molecule
4
occur between neutral, permanent, and/or induced dipoles
van der waals forces
water is considered the ideal biological solvent because
water can dissolve ionic and polar substances
water molecules form solvation spheres around ions
property of water to stick together
cohesion
property of water to stick with other substances
adhesion
hydrogen bonds because of surface area and pressure allows certain organisms to walk on water
surface tension
why are waters melting and boiling points exceptionally high
the hydrogen bonds
water has an exceptionally high heat of vaporization which
helps maintain an organisms internal temperature
contain both polar and nonpolar groups
amphipathic molecules
amphipathic molecules form
micelles
spontaneous passage of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane
osmosis
two big characteristics of osmosis
pressure required to stop net flow of water across a membrane
depends on a solute concentration
solutions are equal
isotonic
outside has fewer molecules than the inside
hypotonic
outside has more molecules than inside
hypertonic
addition of solutes to water _____vapor pressure
lowers
addition of solutes to water _____boiling point
increases
addition of solutes to water ____ the freezing point of water
lowers
