Enzyme regulation second exam Flashcards
a key protein for the HIV virus
viral protease (asparate protease)
why is the viral protease so important to the HIV virus
cleaves the polypeptide in the virus into various components required to make more virus particles
how do engineers try and attack HIV virus
designer drugs to inhibit the asparate protease
the reversible attachment of a functional group to/on a protein or enzyme via a covalent bond
covalent modification
examples of covalent modification
phosphorylation/dephosphorylation
oxidation/reduction
proenzymes vs. zymogens
where is phosphorylation/dephosphorylation typically found in the cell
found in signaling cascades
oxidation and reduction are common with
photosynthetic enzymes
an inactive enzyme precursor that must e proteolytically cleaved or hydrolyzed in order to become active
proenzyme
proenzyme synonym, often used in reference to a digestive proenzyme
zymogen
secreted from the pancreas into the digestive system
chymotrypsinogen
enzyme that cuts chymotrypsinogen
trypsin
how is insulin activated
pro insulin folds back on itself, and residues 31-65 are excised by proteolytic cleavage to produce active insulin
when a substance binds to a site other than the “active site”
allosteric regulation
inhibitors of phosphofructokinase
ATP
citrate
PEP
activators of phosphofructokinase
AMP
ADP
fructose-2,6-P2
