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Ecology > Water Resources Lec.6 > Flashcards

Water Resources Lec.6 Flashcards

1
Q

For how long does Joaquin River run dry?

A

40mi

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2
Q

Is the water on earth leaving or being redistributed?

A

Redistributed

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3
Q

What percent of people do not have enough water?

A

10%

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4
Q

What percentage of people must drink and bathe in water that isn’t sanitary?

A

40%

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5
Q

What percentage of water is available for use?

A

1/100 of 1%

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6
Q

What percentage of water is held in glaciers?

A

35 mil cubic kilometers

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7
Q

Linkage of all marine and freshwater aquatic environments; process of water travel from atmosphere to earth to atmosphere

A

Hydrological cycle

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8
Q

What happens to toxins during the Hydrological cycle?

A

They’re picked up, transported, or eliminated

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9
Q

The land area surrounding a body of water over which water could floe and potentially enter the body of water

A

Watershed

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10
Q

The WHO
estimates…

A

-2 bil people don’t have clean water
-265 mil gallons of sewage enter Gange R. Daily
-3000 people die from water borne illnesses daily in Africa
- 2/3 people will face water shortages by 2025

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11
Q

Whereis water in the US being used?

A

Agriculture(70%), Industry(22%), Domestic (8%)

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12
Q

In many developing nations what do people use to meet their basic needs?

A

Nearby surface water

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13
Q

An underground region of soil or porous rock which is saturated with water

A

Aquifer

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14
Q

The process of water soaking into the ground

A

Infiltration

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15
Q

The top of the underground water-saturated region

A

Water table

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16
Q

Fresh water is replaced by salt water

A

Salt water intrusion

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17
Q

Do full freshwater aquifers tke in sea water ?

A

No

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18
Q

Where does Georgia get most of their water?

A

ACT
ACF river basins

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19
Q

How to solve the water demand in Georgia?

A

Damming rivers and creating reservoirs

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20
Q

What are the benefits of damming rivers and creating reservoirs?

A

Source of freshwater
Flood control
Electricity production
Boating, fishing, and other recreation

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21
Q

What are downsides of damming rivers and creating reservoirs?

A

Evaporation
Others live downstream from us

22
Q

What percentage of metro Atlanta’s water is from rivers, lakes, and streams?

A

99%

23
Q

What are the man-made reservoirs in Atlanta?

A

Lake Lanier (ACF) and Lake Allatoona(ACT)

24
Q

Who are the players in the tristate war

A

Georgia, Alabama, Florida

25
Q

Who are the players in the 2 decade long Tri State War?

A

Georgia, Alabama, and Florida

26
Q

How can water usage be reduced?

A

New water-efficient technologies
waste water
Buying and using less energy

27
Q

A massive hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangtze R. And is the worlds largest power station

A

Three Gorges Dam

28
Q

What does the gorges dam do?

A

Produces electricity
Increased shipping capacity
reduced the potential for floods downstream (water shortage space)

29
Q

Down sides of gorges damn

A

Relocated 1.2 mil people
Freshwater fish affected
Earthquake
Sediment settles

30
Q

Balancing water budget…?

A

Increase reserves
And we can Reduce withdrawals (conservation, grey water, landscape architecture)

31
Q

Pre urban evaporation and transpiration

A

Pre:
40% evaporated
10% surface runoff
50% ground water

32
Q

Urban evaporation and transpiration

A

25% evaporation
43% surface run off
32% groundwater

33
Q

Water conservation tricks

A

Trees
Green roof
Downspout
Rain barrel
Permeable pavers
Rain gardens
Storm drain
Curb cutouts

34
Q

In 1969 were there laws regulating what could be discharged into waterways

A

No

35
Q

Which river was on fire

A

The cuyahoga river

36
Q

Are sources of water pollution hard to pinpoint

A

Yes

37
Q

Can be attributed to a certain place

A

Point source

38
Q

A variety of sources contribute pollutants that can run off the surface of the land during rainfall and enter the water; air pollutants can fall directly with the rain

A

Non point source

39
Q

Some industrial and agricultural sources discharge pollutants directly into a body of water

A

Point sources

40
Q

Water shed includes what percent of the land in the lower 48 states?

A

1/3 or 33.3 %

41
Q

What is the water shed land used for?

A

Agriculture

42
Q

What causes a dead zone/ hypoxic area?

A

Excess nitrogen flowing into a body of water

43
Q

A plot of land adjacent to a body of water that is affected by the water’s presence and that affect the water itself

A

A riparian area

44
Q

How to protect riparian areas?

A

Planting vegetated buffer zones that slow runoff

45
Q

They store nutrients in their tissue reducing the amount free to enter the water

A

Plants are nutrient sinks

46
Q

Stabilize banks and prevent erosion and the deepening of the channel

A

Plant roots

47
Q

Slows runoff and allows water to soak into the ground

A

Ground vegetation

48
Q

Cools water; cooler water can hold more oxygen

A

Shade

49
Q

Provide food

A

Trees

50
Q

Clean water act (established pollution standards)

A

1972

Ecology (14 decks)

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