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Ecology > Renewable Energy (Lec 10) > Flashcards

Renewable Energy (Lec 10) Flashcards

1
Q

Percentages of Renewable Energy we use the most

A

Hydropower 57
Biomass 23
Solar 9
Wind 7
Geothermal 4

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2
Q

Google currently is using renewable energy to power what percent of operations?

A

35

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3
Q

Energy contained in fireweed and other plant matter

A

Bio energy

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4
Q

What are biomass fuels derived from

A

Solar energy

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5
Q

Traditional fuels

A

Wood, charcoal, and animal dung

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6
Q

Fossil fuels takes ——- out of coal, oil, and natural gas deposits

A

Carbon

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7
Q

CO2 used to make ethanol from trees comes from where?

A

The air

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8
Q

Does CO2 used to make ethanol from trees, when burned, increase the net amount of CO2 in the air?

A

No

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9
Q

Pros of using cellulosic ethanol (switch grass) as energy

A

Native
Needs little fertilizer and water
Grows on marginal land
Perennial

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10
Q

Cons of using cellulosic ethanol as energy

A

Not produced large-scale
No subsidy available
Enzymes are expensive

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11
Q

Does algae biofuel reproduce quickly ?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Bio fuel advantages

A

Carbon neutral
Lower NOx and SOx
Abundant
Widely distributed
Produced domestically

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13
Q

Bio fuel disadvantages

A

life span ( carbon is emitted)
Costs
Net gain

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14
Q

Blade works like an airplane wing, and turns a generator

A

Wind power

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15
Q

What causes uneven heating of earth winds formed from high to low pressure

A

Geography and topography

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16
Q

Denmark produces over _____ percent of thwir electricity needs thround wind power

A

50

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17
Q

Denmark commands——- percent of the global mark for wind turnbines

A

60

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18
Q

2/3 of wind power in the US is attributed to…

A

Texas, California, Iowa, Minnesota, and Washington

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19
Q

Clusters of turbines

A

Wind farms

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20
Q

Fastest growing renewable sector and produces less than .5% of global electricity

A

Wind

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21
Q

Advantages of wind farms

A

No fuel needed
No pollution
Domestic energy source
No disruptions of single energy plants

22
Q

Disadvantages of wind farms

A

Bird and bat deaths
Aesthetics
Intermittent winds
Not usually near urban areas

23
Q

Capturing the energy of water moving under the force of gravity

A

Hydropower

24
Q

Forms if Hydropower

A

Impoundment Plants
Run of river plants

25
Q

Run of river plants are

A

Less costly and disruptive
Depends on sustained flow

26
Q

Account for 16% of global demand of electricity
2% of global energy
Satisfies 100% of Norway and Paraguay’s needs
China, Brazil, and Canada re the largest producers

A

Empowerment dams/ run of river plants

27
Q

Advantages of Hydropower and Dams

A

No fossil fuels needed
No pollution
Energy is cheap to produce
Power is matched to demand
Dams control floods
Water retention

28
Q

Disadvantages of hydro power and dams

A

Effects environment and communities
Ecosystem aterations
Peak flows no longer seasonal
Sediment accumulation
Temperature and oxygen in stream change

29
Q

(Solar Impulse ) When did the plane begin it’s first cross-US flight (Cali) and when did it land in NY

A

May 2013
July 6

30
Q

How long did each leg take

A

19-25 hrs

31
Q

When the Solar Impulse 2 flew all around the world, where did it land

A

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

32
Q

-Heated almost entirely by solar energy
-Solar panels provide most of the electricity
-South-facing windows are mostly glass and black masonry walls

A

Visitors center at zion national park in Utah

33
Q

Silicon layer with Phosphorous and Boron

A

Photovoltaic cell ( solar power)

34
Q

Photovoltaic cell production is growing by

A

25% / yr

35
Q

Focus sunlight onto water pipes producing steam that is used to turn generator turbines

A

Concentrating Solar Power

36
Q

When was the first solar car race

A

1985

37
Q

Solar advantages

A

Free and renewable
No emissions
Roof Installations/ space
20,000 jobs and increasing 35% per yr

38
Q

Solar disadvantages

A

High start up prices
High cost of electricity compared to coal
Daylight requirement 
Geographic limitations
Hazards materials used in construction

39
Q

Heat energy generated and stored in earth

A

Geothermal energy

40
Q

In a dry-steam power plant, underground hot water and steam are used to generate electricity.

A

Geothermal electriciy

41
Q

We can use Ground Source Heat Pumps for

A

Heating and Cooling

42
Q

Geothermal reservoirs sufficient for geothermal power plants exist mainly in_______

A

Western states

43
Q

Advantages of geothermal resources

A

Reliable & Inexpensive
Pollution free
GSHP use 30-70% less energy than conventional methods

44
Q

Disadvantages of geothermal resources

A

Ecosystem disturbance
Replenishment rates if ground heat
High Start Up Costs
Geographic Limitations (Cali, Nevada, Hawaii, and Utah)

45
Q

Using Kinetic energy of tides and waves

A

Ocean energy

46
Q

Types of ocean energy

A

Onshore wave energy
Tidal Barrage

47
Q

Each day the tide rises and falls 40ft at the barrage in France. The turbines spin and generate electricity as water moves in and out if the bay

A

Tidal barrage

48
Q

______on the coast if Northern Ireland will generate 1.2 megawatts of renewable energy to the equivalent of 1,000 homes

A

Tidal turbine

49
Q

Advantages of ocean energy

A

Renewable and pollution free
Low cost of production

50
Q

Disadvantages of ocean energy

A

Ecosystem disturbances
Tidal barrage systems need high tide amplitude
Geographic limitations

Ecology (14 decks)

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