Population Growth And Limits

Question 1

Grew as humans expanded into new territories, grew over 1 million years

Answer 1

Pre-agricultural period

Question 2

Increased food production and improved sanitation, nutrition, and medical care

Population grew rapidly within 3 centuries

Answer 2

Industrial period

Question 3

Stimulated population growth

Population grew more rapidly over 7,000 yrs

Answer 3

Agricultural period

Question 4

When were European starlings introduced to the USA

Answer 4

1890

Question 5

What changes a population?

Answer 5

Birth, immigration, emigration, and death

Question 6

How to find change in population?

Answer 6

N=B+I-D-E

Question 7

What is used for populations with continuous reproduction and/or overlapping generations

Answer 7

Exponential (logistic) growth

Question 8

What is used for populations with reproduction occurring at discrete intervals

Answer 8

Geometric growth

Question 9

Formula for rate of change in population

Answer 9

dN/dt = rN
(N is the number of people in the population)

Question 10

What is “r”

Answer 10

The growth rate ( difference between births and deaths

Question 11

What happens when all the resources are done?

Answer 11

The population cannot increase, it must fall.

Question 12

What happens as GPD increases

Answer 12

The birth rate decreases

Question 13

What does higher birthrate among women do?

Answer 13

It shortens generation time.

Question 14

What does higher birth rates among younger women lead to?

Answer 14

Shortened generation time
More children growing and reproducing
higher population growth rates.

Question 15

If we know about specific survival and fecundity what can we project?

Answer 15

Age structure and population size

Question 16

A group of people in the same age class is a what?

Answer 16

Cohort

Question 17

What does a life table do?

Answer 17

Summarizes age specific schedules of survival and fecundity ( age, #alive, probability of survival between age classes, mortality rate, and fecundity)

Question 18

Exponential model of growth assumptions

Answer 18

• essential resources are unlimited
• environment is constant

Question 19

Can populations increase forever?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

The number of individuals that the environment can indefinitely support

Answer 20

(K) aka carrying capacity

Question 21

Carrying capacity formula

Answer 21

dN/dT=rN (1- N/K)

Question 22

What does (1- N/K) do?

Answer 22

It reduces population growth as size approaches carrying capacity

Question 23

Can the population exceed carrying capacity?

Answer 23

Yes, but humans don’t know what K is.

Question 24

What would happen?

Answer 24

The resources would decrease and the population would have too as well.

Question 25

What factors control population size?

Answer 25

Density dependent factors and density independent factors.

Question 26

Factors that influence population growth in accordance with population size

Answer 26

Density dependent factors

Question 27

Factors that affect population regardless of population size

Answer 27

Density independent factors

Question 28

What are density dependent factors ?

Answer 28

-Resource availability
- competition
- disease

Question 29

What are density independent factors?

Answer 29

-temperature
- precipitation
- catastrophic disturbances

Question 30

Tendency of a population to decrease in size when above “K” and increase in size when below that is what?

Answer 30

Regulation

Question 31

Is regulation density dependent?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

What can populations only be regulated by?

Answer 32

Density dependent factors