Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ecology > Agriculture And Energetica > Flashcards

Agriculture And Energetica Flashcards

1
Q

How many plants are edible

A

30,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many plant and animal species provide food ?

A

15 plant and 8 animal species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What percentage of food do animal and plant species provide?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What percent of land is used for food production?

A

35%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Human labor and draft animals used to produce food for the family?

A

Traditional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of traditional food production?

A

Shifting cultivation in tropical forests
Nomadic live stock herding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tropical trees are cut down and burned to clear land for planting

A

Traditional (Swidden) Agriculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’s the purpose of Traditional (Swidden) Agriculture ?

A

Remove debris
Ash is high in minerals which help plants grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What must you have to know if a resource is renewable

A

Rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do you need to ensure a similar yield at each harvest?

A

Regeneration time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Research and development of technology that increased agricultural production worldwide, beginning in the 1930’s through 1970s

A

The Green Revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What caused the increase in crop yields during the green revolution ?

A

-New high-yielding varieties of cereals
-Higher use if chemical fertilizers, pesticides and agro-chemicals
- Increased irrigation and mechanization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Large inputs if energy ( fossil fuels, fertilizers, irrigation, and pesticides)

A

Industrialized agricultural practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is needed/ happens with industrialized agriculture?

A
  • large expanses of land
  • organic matter removed
  • soil is exposed to wind and water erosion
  • lost nutrient cycle due to chemical fertilizers
  • monoculture is susceptible to pests and plant diseases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

An artificial nitrogen fixation process which is the main industrial procedure for the production of amonia?

A

The harbor process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do high concentrations of nitrate lead to?

A

Birth defects
Cancer
Blue baby syndrome
Declining fisheries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What percent of all agriculture is consumed by pests and diseases?

A

40%

18
Q

Why was DDT developed?

A

To control mosquito-borne illnesses

19
Q

Why did humans begin to do with DDT?

A

Used it to control outdoor and indoor insects
Aerial spraying ( in pools, fields, etc)

20
Q

Is DDT easily broken down?

A

No

21
Q

What does DDT attach to and therefore do?

A

Attaches to body fat and travels up the food chain

22
Q

The process by which toxins are stored in the tissue if living things, and increase in concentration when passed through the food chain?

A

Bioaccumulation

23
Q

What was Rachel Carson’s job?

A

A marine biologist and conservationist

24
Q

What are Rachel’s writings credited for doing?

A

Advancing the global environmental movement

25
Q

What was rachel critical of?

A

Using large amounts of chemicals without fully understanding their effects.

26
Q

What did DDT do to birds?

A

Reduce the thickness of their shells

27
Q

When was DDT banned for agricultural use in the US?

A

1972

28
Q

Change in pesticides effectiveness is caused by what?

A

Genetic resistance

29
Q

The differential success of individuals within the population that results from their interaction with their environment

A

Natural Selection

30
Q

What characterizes natural selection?

A

The elimination of inferior individuals

31
Q

The proportionsl contribution of an individual to future generations

A

Fitness

32
Q

What are the 3 conditions of evolution by natural selection?

A
  1. Variation among individuals of heritable characteristics
  2. Offspring inherits variations

3 variation results in differences among individuals in fitness

33
Q

What are the problems with pesticides?

A

1 do not kill all individuals
2 The resistant individuals survive and reproduce
3 pesticide becomes useless against initial target
4. typically kill beneficial insects as well as harmful ones

34
Q

The ability of a pest to withstand exposure to a given pesticide, the result of natural selection favoring the survivors of past pesticide exposure

A

Pesticide Resistance

35
Q

How to maximize effects of pesticides and minimize environmental impacts?

A

Use short lived pesticides

Use pesticides that target certain species

Study life cycles of target pests to determine best time and place to use chemicals

36
Q

Reduced pesticide use by 75%
Reduced costs by 90%
Increased crop yield

A

Boll weevil pheromone trap

37
Q

Using natural predators and parasites to manage pests

A

Biological pest control

38
Q

Reduction in reproduction or survival of a species when at low population densities

A

Allee effect

39
Q

Combining ecological, biological and chemical methods

A

Integrated pest management

40
Q

Food accounts for how much of our ecological foot print?

A

25%

41
Q

Food transportation can increase footprint by what percentage?

A

10

42
Q

What are sustainable agricultural practices?

A

Soil conservation
Reduce use of pesticides/ use manure
Crop rotation
Water conservation

Ecology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions