Consequences (lec 19) Flashcards

1
Q

Can past warm periods and ice ages be attributed in part to the earth’s position relative to the sun

A

Yes

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2
Q

Can current global warming be explained by Milankovitch cycles ?

A

No

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3
Q

Where is our global climate headed

A

6.1° F

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4
Q

How can we make reliable predictions about future climate?

A

Predictive models

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5
Q

Climate science use computer models to take into account major factors that are known to have affected past climate and feed data into a model to see what matches up with warming that has been observed .

A

Predictive models

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6
Q

What models match the actual historic temperature trend?

A

Ones that include human releases of greenhouse gases

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7
Q

Factors that can affect global climate these can be positive ( increase temp) or negative (decrease temp)

A

Forcers

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8
Q

Positive forcers

A

Black soot on snow
Solar radiance
N2O
Halocarbons
Tropospheric ozone
CH4
CO2

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9
Q

Negative forcer

A

Cloud albedo effect
Aerosols
High- albedo land use
Stratospheric ozone

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10
Q

Temp rises
More ice melts
More water is exposed and absorbs heat

A

Positive feedback loop

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11
Q

What also releases methane?

A

Warming

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12
Q

What increases warming?

A

Meting ice by changing albedo

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13
Q

Effects of tundra thawing

A

Releases methane and CO2
Large positive feedback loop
Methane hydrates at bottom of shallow polar seas

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14
Q

A plankton that drifts to the upper layer of the ocean and forms the basis of virtually all marine food webs

A

Emelliana huxleyi

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15
Q

Emelliana..? (Neg feedback loop)

A

Abdorbs C02 in photosynthesis
Reflects solar radiation with cocolith plates
Releases vapor dimethyl sulfate

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16
Q

Scatters incoming radiation and forms nuclei for greater cloud cover

A

Vapor dimethyl sulfate

17
Q

If emelliana declines it becomes what?

A

Positive feedback loop

18
Q

What causes Emelliana populations to decline

A

Warmer ocean
High levels of dissolved CO2 (390ppm) we are at 400ppm
Acidification of Ocean from CO2 ( shell is calcium carbonate)

19
Q

Where does extra CO2 go?

A

26% absorbed by oceans
46% in atmosphere
28% used by plants

20
Q

Can plants use CO2 in many ways besides just growth?

21
Q

More C02 = more ? ( plants)

A

Pollen and Poison Ivy

22
Q

By 2050 Georgia is expected to be ?° warmer?

23
Q

? Will have consequences for human health, drought and wildfires

A

Increase in very hot days

24
Q

Ocean heat content

A

Makes storms more severe

25
Is ice melting and rebuilding?
No
26
Northwest passage opened up due to
Melting ice
27
Sea level is certain to rise —- in less than 100yrs
3-6 ft
28
Greenland melting would raise sea level by
23 ft
29
Drivers of sea level rise
Thermal expansion (warming of oceans) Change in land ice
30
Sea level changes on US coastlines 1958- 2008
8 in
31
In 2005 how many sq mi of land and wetlands were lost due to?
Hurricane Katrina and Rita
32
On coastal GA water moves inland ?
1000’ with every 1’ tise in sea level