Consequences (lec 19)

Question 1

Can past warm periods and ice ages be attributed in part to the earth’s position relative to the sun

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Can current global warming be explained by Milankovitch cycles ?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Where is our global climate headed

Answer 3

6.1° F

Question 4

How can we make reliable predictions about future climate?

Answer 4

Predictive models

Question 5

Climate science use computer models to take into account major factors that are known to have affected past climate and feed data into a model to see what matches up with warming that has been observed .

Answer 5

Predictive models

Question 6

What models match the actual historic temperature trend?

Answer 6

Ones that include human releases of greenhouse gases

Question 7

Factors that can affect global climate these can be positive ( increase temp) or negative (decrease temp)

Answer 7

Forcers

Question 8

Positive forcers

Answer 8

Black soot on snow
Solar radiance
N2O
Halocarbons
Tropospheric ozone
CH4
CO2

Question 9

Negative forcer

Answer 9

Cloud albedo effect
Aerosols
High- albedo land use
Stratospheric ozone

Question 10

Temp rises
More ice melts
More water is exposed and absorbs heat

Answer 10

Positive feedback loop

Question 11

What also releases methane?

Answer 11

Warming

Question 12

What increases warming?

Answer 12

Meting ice by changing albedo

Question 13

Effects of tundra thawing

Answer 13

Releases methane and CO2
Large positive feedback loop
Methane hydrates at bottom of shallow polar seas

Question 14

A plankton that drifts to the upper layer of the ocean and forms the basis of virtually all marine food webs

Answer 14

Emelliana huxleyi

Question 15

Emelliana..? (Neg feedback loop)

Answer 15

Abdorbs C02 in photosynthesis
Reflects solar radiation with cocolith plates
Releases vapor dimethyl sulfate

Question 16

Scatters incoming radiation and forms nuclei for greater cloud cover

Answer 16

Vapor dimethyl sulfate

Question 17

If emelliana declines it becomes what?

Answer 17

Positive feedback loop

Question 18

What causes Emelliana populations to decline

Answer 18

Warmer ocean
High levels of dissolved CO2 (390ppm) we are at 400ppm
Acidification of Ocean from CO2 ( shell is calcium carbonate)

Question 19

Where does extra CO2 go?

Answer 19

26% absorbed by oceans
46% in atmosphere
28% used by plants

Question 20

Can plants use CO2 in many ways besides just growth?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

More C02 = more ? ( plants)

Answer 21

Pollen and Poison Ivy

Question 22

By 2050 Georgia is expected to be ?° warmer?

Answer 22

5-9

Question 23

? Will have consequences for human health, drought and wildfires

Answer 23

Increase in very hot days

Question 24

Ocean heat content

Answer 24

Makes storms more severe

Question 25

Is ice melting and rebuilding?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

Northwest passage opened up due to

Answer 26

Melting ice

Question 27

Sea level is certain to rise —- in less than 100yrs

Answer 27

3-6 ft

Question 28

Greenland melting would raise sea level by

Answer 28

23 ft

Question 29

Drivers of sea level rise

Answer 29

Thermal expansion (warming of oceans)
Change in land ice

Question 30

Sea level changes on US coastlines 1958- 2008

Answer 30

8 in

Question 31

In 2005 how many sq mi of land and wetlands were lost due to?

Answer 31

Hurricane Katrina and Rita

Question 32

On coastal GA water moves inland ?

Answer 32

1000’ with every 1’ tise in sea level