Water Properties/Treatment

Question 1

What is Water’s polarity: (Water Property)

Answer 1

is polar with molecular shape as bent and bond angle of 105˚. Hydrogen bonding.

Question 2

5 properties of water:

Answer 2

1) Cohesion
2) Adhesion
3) High specific heat
4) High heat of vaporisation
5) Less dense as a solid

Question 3

Cohesion: (Water Property)

Answer 3

Is the attraction between molecules or atoms of the same substance.
- Causes surface tension

Question 4

Surface tension: (Water Property)

Answer 4

Tendency for liquids surface to resist rupture when put under tension.

Question 5

Relation between cohesion and surface tension: (Water Property)

Answer 5

Strong hydrogen bonding are present within water molecules. Hence, surface molecules are surrounded by molecules around it creating an inward force. This pulls all surface molecules inwards in-turn reducing surface area. Hence high surface tension.

Question 6

Adhesion: (Water Property)

Answer 6

Refers to the attraction between the molecules or atoms of two different substances. Water makes hydrogen bonds with other surfaces such as glass, soil, etc. This grip-like characteristic that results from adhesion, helps from a capillary action.

Question 7

Relating adhesion to capillary action:(Water Property)

Answer 7

Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow against gravity in a narrow space. Water creates hydrogen bonds with the surface of a narrow space, causing water to adhere to it.

Question 8

High specific heat: (Water Property)

Answer 8

Specific heat capacity is the energy taken to raise a kilogram of a substance by 1˚C. Water has a high specific heat, therefore it has a higher tendency to resist any temperature change.

Question 9

Relating high specific heat to homeostasis: (Water Property)

Answer 9

The cells in our body are made of water. This allows us to maintain homeostasis. Homeostasis is the process of keeping the internal environment balanced and steady. Human body sweats to stay cool. Sweat (water) required lots of heat energy to evaporate, therefore, it draws heat energy from our body and in-turn feels cooler.

Question 10

High latent heat of vapourization: (Water Property)

Answer 10

The latent heat of vapourization is the energy required to occur in a state of change from liquid to gas. Water has a high latent heat of vapour because of its hydrogen bonds. The higher intermolecular forces between four hydrogen bonds require greater energy to break apart, hence the high latent heat of vapour.

Question 11

Relating high latent heat of vapourization with Earth’s climate:

Answer 11

The earth’s oceans act as a global blanket.
It stores high quantities of heat energy during the summer and therefore minimizes rapid temperature increase.It releases high quantities of heat energy during winter and limits temperature drops.

Question 12

Density: (Water Property)

Answer 12

Water has a lower density as a solid than as a liquid. When frozen, water expands and density drops by 8%. When water freezes and expands, the hydrogen bonds in the water cause molecules to line up and expand less effectively in ice. Therefore water molecules in ice are further apart giving ice a lower density than water. (Which is why ice floats in water)

Question 13

What are solutions? (Water Property)

Answer 13

Substance dissolves in liquid.

Question 14

What are suspensions? (Water Property)

Answer 14

Substance suspends in liquid.