Solutions/Precipitation

Question 1

What is the universal solvent?

Answer 1

Water.

Question 2

Properties of a solution:

Answer 2

• Solute and solvent cant be distinguished.
• Dissolved particles too small to see
• Amount of dissolved solute can vary between solutions.

Question 3

Dissolution:

Answer 3

The process where a substance dissolves in another substance.
- Occurs when the forces holding the solute together is weaker than the forces between the solute and solvent.

Question 4

Dissociation:

Answer 4

When an ionic substance is added to water, the ion-dipole attraction between solute and water is strong enough for the solute to dissolve in solvent.

Question 5

Solubility:

Answer 5

The maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a set temperature.
- Measured in 100g of water.

Question 6

3 types of solutions:

Answer 6

-Saturated
-Unsaturated
-Supersaturated

Question 7

Saturated solution:

Answer 7

Is no more solute can be dissolved in solvent.
- The line in solubility curve

Question 8

Unsaturated Solution:

Answer 8

Can dissolve more solute in solvent.
- Below line in solubility curve.

Question 9

Supersaturated Solution:

Answer 9

A solution that contains more solute than it should.
- Above line in solubility curve.
- If disturbed, some solute will separate from solution.

Question 10

Strong Electrolytes:

Answer 10

Ionic Substances and Strong acids/bases.
- Completely dissolve into component ions in a solution.

Question 11

Weak electrolytes:

Answer 11

Weak acid/base.
- Partially dissolves into component ions in a solution, while most stay as molecules.

Question 12

Non-electrolytes:

Answer 12

Covalent Molecular substances.
- Does not dissolve into ions but rather entirely stay as molecules in a solution.

Question 13

Dissociation Equation:

Answer 13

Ionic substances, –>

Question 14

Ionisation eqtn:

Answer 14

Strong acid/base, –>

Question 15

Partial Ionisation eqnt:

Answer 15

Weak acid/base, <– –>