Water Flashcards
In composition of water, give the percentage of body weight, muscle, bone, teeth
- Body weight = 60 - 65%
- Muscle = 70%
- Bone = 20%
- Teeth 10%
Water is found in (5)
saliva, blood, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile
Ratio of ICF & ECF
2/3 intracellular fluid; 1/3 extracellular fluid
Recommended water intake in Liters
2-3 Liters
Mechanical function of Water is ____
Lubrication of joints & viscera in abdominal cavity (moisten eyes, nose, mouth)
Water functions as _ absorbers inside the __ & ___(spinal or amniotic fluid)
(1) Shock absorber
(2) Eyes & Spinal cord
Water transports (4)
minerals, sugar, amino acids, vitamins
Give 8 functions of Water
- Shock absorbers inside eyes & spinal cord
- Aids in chemical reaction DACE:
digestion, absorption, circulation, excretion - Maintenance or Regulate of body temperature
- Mechanical Function: (moisten eyes, nose, mouth) lubrication of joints & viscera in the abdominal cavity
- Universal solvent or medium for chem reactions
- Aids in excretion or elimination of waste (helps soften stool)
- Transport MSAV: minerals, sugar, amino acids, vitamins
- Maintenance of electrolyte balance
Recommended water intake
30 mins before and after eating
Example of diuretic effect
Coffee, Alcohol, Tea
___ controls the water intake = water output
ADH Antidiuretic Hormone
Give the breakdown of Water Intake
Liquids = 1,300 mL
Food = 1,000 mL
Metabolic W. = 300 mL
Total = 2,600 mL
Give the breakdown of Water Output
Skin = 600 mL
Urinary = 1,500 mL
Respiration = 400 mL
Fecal = 100 mL
Total = 2,600 mL
___ indication of lack of water intake
Dark or Yellow Urine
How to starve cancer cells & test to detect amount of cancer cells
Interval of 8 hours of eating, stress is also additional factor
CEA test
___ will cause thinning of enamel
High acid pH
Give the abnormalities of water balance
(1) Dehydration, (2) Water Intoxication
In dehydration, water absorption to body cells thru :
- small intestine → blood, lymph
- reabsorption of water in the kidney till osmotic pressure stabilized
Dehydration results to:
↑ osmotic pressure & extracellular concentration,
→ Water absorption to body cell thru:
Give factors that increase water intake (7)
1 alcohol consumption
2 diabetic px
3 inc fiber in diet
4 medication (lead to halitosis/dry mouth)
5 exercise
6 hot water
7 pregnancy
8 breastfeeding
9 prolong diarrhea
10 vomiting, fever
11 surgery, burn
12 blood loss
13 very young
14 old age
Electrolytes are lost in water during ___ & ___
vomitting & diarrhea
___ positive ions; ___ negative ions
(1) cations; (2) anions
Choose: Cation or Anion
sulfate, lactate, pyruvate, acetoacetate, protein derivatives, bicarbonate, diphosphate, chlorine (Cl)
Anion
Choose: Cation or Anion
Na K Ca Mg (Sodium, Potaasium, Calcium, Magnesium)
Cation
ICF: Intracellular F. OR ECF: Extracellular F. and give the type
K+ | Mg++
(1) ICF
(2) Cation
ICF: Intracellular F. OR ECF: Extracellular F. and give the type
Cl- | HCO3- (Bicarbonate)
(1) ECF
(2) Anion
ICF: Intracellular F. OR ECF: Extracellular F. and give the type
PO4- | Proteinates
(1) ICF
(2) Anions
ICF: Intracellular F. OR ECF: Extracellular F. and give the type
Na+ | Ca++
(1) ECF
(2) Cations
ICF is ___L & ___% of body weight; ECF is ___ L & ___ of body weight
(1) 25L, 40%
(2) 15L, 20%
Intravascular Fluid (ISF) is ___L & ___% of ECF; Interstitial Fluid is ___ L & ___ of ECF
(1) 12L, 80%
(2) 3L, 20%
normal blood pH, slightly alkaline
7.35 - 7.45
Objective of buffer system
to achieve homeostasis or equilibrium
buffer system (release cation or anion) to maintain blood pH is called ____
Acid Base Regulation
___ acid, makes pH acidic; ____ base that decrease H+ iron
(1) H+ iron; (2) Ammonia (NH3)
____ food that is highly acidic, should be avoided by diabetic px
Read Meat
In acid base disturbances, Acidosis is ___, ___, __
diabetes, starvation, ketone bodies
In acid base disturbances, Alkalosis is (1) (2)
(1) Loss of HCl in vomiting
(2) Loss of K in diuretic
___ caused by high pH level symptoms include CMN (2)
(1) Alkalosis
(2) Confusion, Muscle twitch, Nausea
Acidosis results in FSH
Fatigue, Shallow breathing, Headaches
Interval for beef ___ days & meat ___, continuous intake w/o interval will result in ___
(1) 4 days
(2) 2-3 days
(3) Hemorrhoids
small mineral deposits, formed in kidney,
surgically removed or passed thru urinary tract
kidney stones or uric acid
Eating more ___ blood pH of urine more likely to be higher in acid; Eating non acidic food blood pH of urine more likely to result in ____
(1) Acidic food
(2) Alkaline pH
increase risk for kidney stones or ua
Acidic pH in urine
Water balance is achieved thru (1) (2)
(1) Control of water intake
(2) Control of rate of fluid loss thru kidneys
stability, balance & equilibrium in body for optimal well being
Homeostasis
Angiotensin, ADH, Aldosterone
regulate salt & water = effect on BP
Aldosterone
Angiotensin, ADH, Aldosterone
important role: conserve fluid vol of body by reducing amount of water in urine (yellow)
ADH: Antidiuretic Hormone
ADH is also known as ____ that controls BP by acting on __ & ___
(1) Vasopressin
(2) Kidney & Blood vessel
Angiotensin, ADH, Aldosterone
peptide hormone causes vasoconstriction & increase blood pressure
Angiotensin
Angiotensin, ADH, Aldosterone
part of renin angiotensin system, regulates blood pressure
Angiotensin
Coconut oil, Peanut oil, Avocado oil, Oilive oil are all alkaline food
True or false
False, Peanut oil
True or False
The ff are examples of Alkaline food
Lemon, Lime, Calamansi, Cucumber, Carrots, Ginger,
True
True or False
Quinoa, Bok Choy, Alfafa, Watercress are Alkaline food
True
True or False
Butter, Milk, Cheese, Bread, Rice, Wheat products are Acidic food
True
___ peptide hormone; ____ steroid hormone and ___ vasopressin
1) angiotensin
2) aldosterone
3) ADH Anti-diuretic hormone
