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A-Level History > Wars of the Roses 4 - Henry VI 1422-71 > Flashcards

Wars of the Roses 4 - Henry VI 1422-71 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Henry VI born?

A

1421

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2
Q

When did Henry VI become king of England?

A

1422

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3
Q

When did Henry VI become king of France?

A

1429

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3
Q

When did the Anglo-Burgundian alliance end?

A

1435

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3
Q

When did Henry VI’s majority rule begin?

A

1437

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4
Q

When was York replaced by Somerset in France?

A

1445

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4
Q

When was the Treaty of Tours?

A

1444

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4
Q

When did Henry VI marry Margaret of Anjou?

A

1445

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4
Q

When was the loss of Normandy?

A

1449

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4
Q

When did Henry VI fall into a catatonic state?

A

August 1453 - December 1454

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4
Q

When did Gloucester die and York become heir apparent?

A

1447

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4
Q

When did Suffolk die?

A

2nd May 1450

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5
Q

When was Cade’s rebellion?

A

May-July 1450

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5
Q

When was York’s march on Dartford?

A

1452

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5
Q

When was York’s first protectorate?

A

March 1454 - February 1455

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5
Q

When was the Battle of Castillon?

A

17 July 1453

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5
Q

When was Prince Edward born?

A

October 1453

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5
Q

When was the Battle of St Albans?

A

2 May 1455

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5
Q

When was York’s second protectorate?

A

November 1455 - February 1456

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5
Q

When was the Battle of Blore heath?

A

September 1459

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5
Q

When was Loveday?

A

1458

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6
Q

When was the battle at Ludford Bridge?

A

October 1459

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6
Q

When was the Parliament of Devils?

A

November 1459

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6
Q

When was the Battle of Northampton?

A

10 July 1460

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6
Q

Who died at the Battle of Wakefield?

A

York and Salisbury

6
Q

When was the Act of Accord?

A

October 1460

6
Q

When was the Battle of Wakefield?

A

30 December 1460

6
Q

When was the Battle of Mortimer’s Cross?

A

2 February 1461

6
Q

When was Henry VI’s death?

A

1471

6
Q

When was the Second Battle of St Albans?

A

17 February 1461

6
Q

When was the Battle of Towton?

A

29 March 1461

6
Q

When were the Battles of Hexham and Hedgeley Moor?

A

1464

6
Q

When was the redeption of Henry VI?

A

1470

6
Q

When was Henry VI captured and held in the tower?

A

1465

6
Q

When and how was Joan of Arc killed?

A

She was burned for heresy in Paris in 1431

6
Q

Who broke the English siege on France?

A

Joan of Arc - she escorted Charles VII to his coronation

6
Q

Who ruled the council for Henry VI from 1422-37?

A

Humphrey Duke of Gloucester (Henry V’s 2nd surviving brother)

7
Q
A
7
Q
A
8
Q
A
9
Q

Who was regent in France?

A

Duke of Bedford (Henry V’s eldest brother)

10
Q

When did the Duke of Bedford die?

A

1435

11
Q

When was Paris recaptured?

A

1436

12
Q

Who was the Duke of Bedford’s wife and who did she remarry?

A

Jacquetta of Luxembourg (later remarried Richard Woodville)

13
Q

What allegedly foretold Edward, Earl of March’s victory at Mortimer’s Cross?

A

A parhelion

14
Q

How much debt was Henry VI’s government in?

A

£370,000

15
Q

When did Henry VI tour areas of rebellion and witness executions?

A

1451

16
Q

When was Henry VI a prisoner of Edward IV?

A

1465-70

17
Q

When was Henry VI replaced by Warwick?

A

1470-71

18
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Tours?

A

Marriage to Margaret of Anjou (no dowry) and giving Maine to France

19
Q

Why was Margaret of Anjou unpopular?

A

She was seen as a she-wolf, she was French, she promoted factionalism and she tried to exercise power

20
Q

Why was John de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, unpopular?

A

He was blamed for the Treaty of Tours, the loss of Maine and Normandy (Battle of Fougeres) and for manipulating Henry VI for royal patronage

21
Q

How was John de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, killed?

A

He was killed by pirates on the ‘Nicholas of the Tower’ (‘judicial murder’)

22
Q

What happened when John de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, was in the Tower of London?

A

Tried for treason in 1450, but cleared by Henry VI who banished him for 5 years

23
Q

What were the causes of Cade’s rebellion?

A

Fear of reprisal over Suffolk’s death (from Saye and Crowmer), high taxation, loss of land in France and frustration with the corrupt government

24
Q

What were the events of Cade’s rebellion?

A

1) Rebels marched to Blackheath
2) Henry VI fled to Kenilworth
3) Londoners fought off Cade
4) Cade killed
5) Act of Resumption and Henry VI tours the country witnessing rebel executions

25
Q

When was York commander in France?

A

1440-45

26
Q

How much did the government owe York?

A

£38,000

27
Q

How many times did York apologise, pledge allegiance and was forgiven by Henry VI?

A

3

28
Q

What role did York give Warwick?

A

Captain of Calais

29
Q

Who was York’s son and when did he take over from him?

A

Edward, Earl of March in 1461

30
Q

Why was Warwick so crucial in the fighting?

A

He broke the flanks at St Albans 1 and stopped foreign powers (Duke of Burgundy) from supporting Henry VI

A-Level History (18 decks)

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