Russia 4 - Economic Policies 1941-85 Flashcards
When was the Virgin Land Scheme?
1953
When was the 6th 5 year plan?
1956
When were Sovnarkhoz reforms?
1957
When was the Corn Campaign?
1958
When was the 7 year plan?
1959
When was the division of the party?
1962
When was the 8th 5 year plan?
1966
When were the Kosygin reforms?
1968
When was the 9th 5 year plan?
1971
When was the Anti-Corruption campaign?
1982
When did Khrushchev believe communism could be achieved by?
1980
What led to an increase in military spending?
Berlin Crisis (1961) and Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
What was the joke about Khrushchev’s meddling with the economic plans?
That instead of a 7 year plan, they had 3 plans a year
When was the Liberman plan?
1962
What was the Liberman plan?
Allowed local managers greater autonomy and allow the market instead of the state to determine prices (the plan was watered down by conservatives in the Politburo)
How much did farm incomes increase by from 1952-56?
250%
How much did tractor and fertiliser schemes increase by 1955?
30% increase in tractors
40% increase in fertiliser production
What unfarmed lands were used for the Virgin Lands Scheme?
Kazakhstan, Caucasus and Western Siberia
How did agricultural production under the Virgin Lands Scheme initially increase?
Production increased by 35.3%
How much did farmers’ income increase under the Virgin Lands Scheme?
400%
How much of the population worked in agriculture during the VLS?
44-54%
How was agricultural production in 1964?
15% higher than 1958 but below target
What were the negatives of the Virgin Lands Scheme?
Expensive and labour intensive
What was the impact of the corn campaign?
Less efficient than US farms and less hay produced so feed production dropped 30%
When was agricultural investment cut?
1959
What were the problems with Khrushchev’s agricultural policies?
MTS abolished, central control didn’t reflect the local conditions, incorrect storage and Khrushchev tinkered with reforms too much
What spending did Khrushchev focus on?
Focus on consumer goods over military spending
What was the impact of the 7 year plan?
Increased chemical and synthetic fibre production and the production of consumer goods increased 60% (all still below target)
What did the Sovnarkhoz reforms do?
Devolved power from gosplan to 105 regional planning agencies
How was the party divided by Khrushchev?
Into agricultural and industrial halves
What was the problem with light industry under Khrushchev?
The material was too heavy (e.g. steel too heavy for the light switches)
How did Brezhnev implement restoration within the party?
Reunited the agricultural and industrial halves of the party, abandoned 7 year plan and centralised planning
How long did the Kosygin reforms last?
Proposed in January and abandoned in August (Prague Spring)
How much was military spending by 1970?
Increased from 11% to 13%
What was the social contract?
Reliance on the black market (second economy) and Western imports to ensure job security and low prices
How many people had consumer goods in 1980?
85% had TVs
70% had washing machines
How many people had cars in 1980?
9% (but good public transport)
What were Andropov’s economic policies?
Anti-corruption, anti-alcohol and operation trawl
What was the growth per annum from 1950-58?
7.1%
What was the growth per annum from 1958-64?
5.3%
What was the growth per annum in the 1970s?
2%
