War Of 1812 Flashcards
Who were War Hawks? Why did they support war? (3 Things)
Young Congressmen from the South and West who favored war against Great Britain
- Wanted to invade Canada to get more land
- Wanted to stop the alliance between Britain and the Native Americans (British were supplying Native Americans with guns to slow westward expansion)
- Angered by the Non-Intercourse Act (Banned trade from England and France) because it hurt southern and western economies (South and West relied on trading raw materials to Britain and France in exchange for finished goods).
Who is a famous War Hawk? What is he known for?
Henry Clay of Kentucky
His speaking ability (silver-tongued)
Why did Federalists oppose war? (3 Things)
- Wanted to keep peace with Britain
- Wanted to improve trading relationships with Britain
- Felt that the United States were too weak for war
What did the Embargo Act do? Who opposed it? What did it lead to?
Banned trade with all European countries
Opposed by port cities whose economy mainly ran on trade (especially northern states)
Lead to become one of the reasons of war of 1812
What were the benefits of going to war with Britain? (5 Things)
- It would boost American manufacturing (We wouldn’t be able to rely on Britain for trade so we would have to make things ourselves)
- To gain land from Canada
- National pride (Felt to we needed to defend our pride in the US)
- To stop the impressment of American sailors
- To allow the reopening of trade with Britain
What were the disadvantages of going to war with Britain? (4 Things [4A-C])
- Not everyone favored war (Federalists)
- We could lose independence if Britain defeats us
- Britain was a superpower; we could lose territory
- Small military
4A. Militia compromised most forces and didn’t like to fight outside their borders
4B. Small Navy (22 ships)
4C. Small standing army
The war of 1812 began with
The invasion of Canada
_____ asked for a declaration of war, which is why its called
James Madison
“Mr. Madison’s War”
When did James Madison ask Congress for a declaration of war?
June 1812
When did the Prophet order an attack on Harrison’s troops in the Battle of Tippecanoe?
November 7, 1811
When did Red Stick Creek Warriors attack Fort Mims?
1813
The Era of Good feelings is from
1815 to 1825
Who defeated the British at Lake Erie?
Oliver Perry
What were the effects of the War of 1812? (Things)
- American manufacturing grew
- Andrew Jackson becomes a national hero (helped him rise in politics to eventually become the 7th president)
- Proved that the US could defend themselves against Britain
- American patriotism rose
- Weakened Native American resistance against westward settlement
Andrew Jackson fought in what 2 battles?
- Battle of Tippecanoe
2. Battle of New Orleans
The Battle of New Orleans (5 things)
- Last major battle of the War of 1812
- Fought after the treaty of Ghent was signed (but not ratified)
- Ensured treaty ratification (because we beat them twice)
- Made Andrew Jackson a well known hero
- Pirates and frontiersmen fought alongside US troops (showed unity)
What were the causes of the War of 1812? (4 things)
- The British were impressing American sailors
- Britain was interfering with American shipping and trade
- Great Britain was giving military aid to Native Americans to slow westward expansion
- Some Americans wanted to win more land in Canada
When did British forces sail into Chesapeake Bay to attack Washington DC?
August 1814
Why is the War of 1812 Important? (3Things[3A-3C])
- Created a hero of Andrew Jackson and western frontiersmen
- Convinced Americans that the US would survive as a country
- Gave the United States an identity as an independent country
3A. We were able to defend ourselves against the British
3B. Made us think about westward expansion
3C Ended the struggle + bad things towards Britain and US - Britain treated us like a real country
