W8 Primer Questions Nutrition/Specific Disease

Question 1

Altered metabolism of pyridoxine in chronic alcoholism results from:

a. increased aldehyde oxidase activity.
b. decreased aldehyde oxidase activity.
c. unchanged aldehyde oxidase activity.
d. decreased excretion of pyridoxine

Answer 1

A increased aldehyde oxidase activity.

Question 2

Insulin sensitivity may be enhanced by supplementation with:

a. chromium picolinate.
b. iron acetate.
c. zinc chloride.
d. selenium hexanoate.

Answer 2

A. chromium picolinate

Question 3

To decrease the Respiratory Quotient (RQ), one should replace dietary:

a. fat with protein.
b. carbohydrate with fat.
c. protein with carbohydrate.
d. fat with carbohydrate.

Answer 3

B. carbohydrate with fat.

Question 4

Initial advice for a lactose-intolerant postmenopausal woman with a history of kidney stones and subnormal spinal BMD should be:

a. restriction of dietary calcium intake.
b. restriction of fluid intake.
c. increased consumption of dairy products.
d. dietary supplementation with magnesium.

Answer 4

D. dietary supplementation with magnesium.

Question 5

Dietary modification is the primary therapeutic approach in:

a. peptic ulcer.
b. cystic fibrosis.
c. diabetes.
d. hypercalcemia.

Answer 5

C diabetes

Question 6

Children with cystic fibrosis are not likely to be able to absorb large amounts of:

a. electrolytes.
b. lipids.
c. amino acids.
d. simple sugars.

Answer 6

B lipids

Question 7

Lactose intolerant infants should be fed infant formulas that contain protein derived from soybeans because such formulas:

a. are extra high in energy content.
b. provide most of their lipids as short-chain fatty acids.
c. impose low renal solute loads.
d. do not contain lactose.

Answer 7

D. do not contain lactose

Question 8

The development of obesity may be associated with a decreased: a. number of individual adipocytes.

b. surface area of individual adipocytes.
c. amount of esterified fatty acids within each adipocyte.
d. ratio of protein to lipid within each adipocyte.

Answer 8

D ratio of protein to lipid within each adipocyte.

Question 9

In individuals with amyloidosis, there is abnormal deposition within various organs and tissues of:

a. carbohydrate.
b. fat.
c. protein.
d. minerals.

Answer 9

C. protein

Question 10

The diet of individuals with xerostomia should include:

a. frequent small meals that are high in protein content.
b. moist food, gravies and liquids.
c. seedless fruits.
d. meals high in fat content.

Answer 10

B moist food, gravies and liquids.

Question 11

The diet of an individual with diverticulosis should contain large amounts of:

a. fat.
b. animal protein.
c. sugars.
d. dietary fiber.

Answer 11

D. dietary fiber

Question 12

The purpose of encouraging individuals with diabetes to increase the dietary fiber contents of their meals is to:

a. reduce plasma albumin concentration.
b. stimulate insulin secretion.
c. minimize postprandial hyperglycemia.
d. stimulate intestinal glucose transport.

Answer 12

C minimize postprandial hyperglycemia.

Question 13

The management of adults with advanced chronic renal failure should include:

a. potassium supplementation.
b. calcium restriction.
c. phosphate supplementation.
d. protein restriction.

Answer 13

d. protein restriction.

Question 14

Epidemiologic data suggest that decreased mortality from heart disease accompanies increased consumption of the antioxidant:

a. selenium.
b. vitamin E.
c. -carotene.
d. vitamin C.

Answer 14

B. vitamin E

Question 15

Currently, supplementation with -3 fatty acids has not been shown to benefit individuals with:

a. coronary thrombosis.
b. hypertension.
c. hypertriglyceridemia.
d. mitral valve prolapse.

Answer 15

D mitral valve prolapse.

Question 16

An inborn error of metabolism may result from:

a. polyploidy.
b. DNA replication errors.
c. congenital malnutrition.
d. neonatal infection.

Answer 16

B. DNA replication errors

Question 17

The oil most effective for increasing the serum HDL-cholesterol concentration without increasing the serum LDL-cholesterol concentration is:

a. olive oil.
b. canola oil.
c. safflower oil.
d. flax oil.

Answer 17

A. olive oil

Question 18

In individuals with chronic alcoholism, protection may be afforded against the fatty infiltration of the liver caused by alcoholism by maintaining adequate dietary intake of:

a. vitamin A.
b. thiamin.
c. choline.
d. para-amino-benzoic acid.

Answer 18

C. choline

Question 19

A factor that does not predispose an infant to iron deficiency is:

a. consumption of large amounts of homogenized milk.
b. premature birth.
c. hemorrhage from the umbilicus during delivery.
d. slow growth rate.

Answer 19

D. slow growth rate

Question 20

Dumping syndrome is accompanied by symptoms of:

a. faintness, weakness, and profuse perspiration.
b. acute gastritis.
c. peptic ulcer disease.
d. intestinal malabsorption.

Answer 20

A. faintness, weakness, and profuse perspiration.

Question 21

Dietary modifications helpful to individuals with alcoholic cirrhosis include restricted consumption of foods that contain large amounts of:

a. carbohydrates.
b. protein.
c. fat.
d. calcium.

Answer 21

B. protein

Question 22

Dietary modifications appropriate for an individual with uncomplicated infectious hepatitis include:

a. increasing energy intake to more than 3000 Kcal daily.
b. restricting protein intake to less than 30 g daily.
c. restricting fat intake to less than 30 g daily.
d. restricting fluid intake to less than 2000 mL daily.

Answer 22

A. increasing energy intake to more than 3000 Kcal daily.

Question 23

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ status affects blood levels
of arsenic, with higher \_\_\_\_\_\_
intake resulting in lower arsenic
levels in the circulation. (both blanks are same nutrient)
A. Vitamin C
B. Folate
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin A

Answer 23

B. Folate

Question 24

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ deprivation leads to
decreased methylation of
histones and DNA, decreased
growth and conception rates,
abnormal reproduction,
increased neonatal mortality
and altered lipid
concentrations.
A. Molybdenum
B. Magniesum
C. Chlorida
D. Arsenic

Answer 24

D. Arsenic

Question 25

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_is
the main source of inorganic arsenic:
A. Cookware
B. Drinking water
C. Microwaveable containers
D. None of the above

Answer 25

B. Drinking water

Question 26

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ contain the most arsenic:
A. Skin, Hair, Nails
B. Muscle, Skin
C. Bone
D. Liver

Answer 26

A. Skin, hair and nails

Question 27

Arsenic can be toxic to the body, inducing nervous system and
____________ system damage and increasing the risk of cancer.
A. organ
B. metabolic
C. cardiovascular
D. none of the above

Answer 27

C. cardiovascular

Question 28

Arsenic ______________ can lead to gastrointestinal
distress, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, anemia,
encephalopathy and liver damage.
A. toxicity
B. insufficiency

Answer 28

A. toxicity

Question 29

Arsenic: The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a reliable marker of acute exposure and the \_\_\_\_\_\_ a reliable marker of chronic exposure.
A. blood plasma, urine
B. urine, blood plasma
C. urine, hair
C. hair, urine

Answer 29

C. urine, hair