W5_lec2 Flashcards
What is the fxn of the following?
a) episodic buffer
b) phonological loop
a) connects the STM w/ LTM
b) language
ANS the following wrt to the primacy effect
a) what is it?
b) is this associated w/ STM or LTM?
c) What would result in a boost to the primacy effect?
a) when presented w/ a list of items this is the act of remembering the first few items due to rehearsal and attention being divided less
b) LTM
c) putting a delay in b/w each item allowing for INC attention for each item making it easier to transfer it from STM to LTM
ANS the following wrt to the recency effect
a) what is it?
b) is this associated w/ STM or LTM?
c) What would result in the recency effect being wiped out?
a) when presented w/ a list of items this is the act of remembering the last few items due to them still being worked on currently
b) STM
c) putting a distracter after all the items have been presented and when you are asked to recall the items. The distractor will replace the item in the WM resulting in you being unable to remember them anymore
Match the following w/ the graph
a) Primacy effect
b) recency effect
a) green
b) pink
draw a flow chart of LTM using the following;
a) LTM
b) Episodic mem
c) procedural mem
d) Priming
e) semantic memory
f) declarative mem
g) non-declarative mem
Describe the 2 types of LTM
- declarative memory = mem that we can recall consciously
- non-declarative memory = mem that we are unaware of
Describe the 2 types of declarative mem
- episodic mem = a type of conscious memory that relates to one personal exp about a specific sit in the past
- semantic mem = impersonal conscious memory of general knowledge
If one is able to remember the context associated w/ how they remember a certain fact what type of memory is this?
a) Episodic
b) semantic
c) declarative
d) procedural
a
What type of memory is the following statement? “Last year, while on my summer vacation, I met a retired sea captain who knew more jokes than any other person I have ever met”
a) Episodic
b) semantic
c) declarative
d) procedural
a
What type of memory is the following statement? “I know that the name of the month that follows June is
July”
a) Episodic
b) semantic
c) declarative
d) procedural
b
What type of memory is the following statement? “I know that Paris is the capital of France”
a) Episodic
b) semantic
c) declarative
d) procedural
b
a) What types of memory does the study-test paradigm test? How? - 2
b) Describe the study phase - 1
c) Describe the test phase - 3
a) episodic memory b/c tests it tests whether someone remembers exp a certain item not whether the person knows what that item is in general
b) providing the items and encoding them
c) testing your ability to remember if you have seen these items in the study period
- recall = asked to recall all the items that were presented to you
- recognition = identify the items that you studied w/in a mix of new and old items
T of F - In the study-test paradigm, some may be able to recognize more items compared to recalling them, but it will never occur the other way around
F - some may be able to recall the items but not recognize them due to getting them confused w/ the other items
What is the difference b/w availability and accessibility wrt memory? Which one reflects info in LTM?
- availability = does this info exist?
- excitability = can I get access to this info (LTM)
a) Describe the significance of the level/depth of processing - 2
b) Which type of memory does this pertain to?
c) What are the 3 levels for processing words? Put in order from shallow to deep - 3
d) the level/depth of processing relates to the processing _______
a) shows the significance of how info is processed during the time of encoding wrt when it’s tested
b) episodic mem
c)
1. perceptual feature analysis = looking at the shape of the words
2. phonology = rhyming
3. semantics = the meaning
d) principles
For the word “dog” describe it using the following levels of processing
a) perceptual feature analysis
b) phonology
c) semantics
a) all the letters are lowercased
b) rhyme w/ the word “log”
c) a four-legged mammal that is often a pet
What were the two conclusions that the processing principles found wrt encoding and recalling info
- deeper processing levels tend to result in a longer processing time due to INC integration resulting in better memory of the item
- having the encoding processing match the testing processing provides the best results
Describe transfer-appropriate processing
the idea that matching how a certain item is encoded w/ how it will be tested carries better results. Matching the appropriate processing tech dep on what type of processing will be needed when tested
Describe encoding specificity principle
the relationship b/w the properties of the encoded info (study condition) as the properties of the retrieval cue (test condition)
What are the difference b/w encoding specificity principles and transfer-appropriate processing?
- ESP = properly transferring the appropriate processing method used to encode the info w/ how it will be tested
- TAP = matching the study conditions (environment, mood, thought processes) w/ the test conditions
All of the following are related to the episodic memory processing principle except
a) contextual reinstatement
b) encoding specificity
c) study-test paradigm
d) transfer-appropriate processing
e) all of them are associated
c - this tests episodic mem but is not related to the processing principles
a) Describe contextual reinstatement
b) what study showed this
a) the idea that you are more likely to remember something when tested in the same context as when you encoded the info.
b) the scuba divers that encoded info in water and then were tested in water did better than when they were tested on land.
Describe the 2 types of contextual reinstatments
- State-dependent memory = state of mind
- being drunk when studying shows better when also drunk when being tested - mood-dependent memory
- if sad while studying you will do better on tests if also sad
Fill in the following graph w/ the following. Describe each
a) the reminiscence bump - 2
b) the period of recency - 1
c) infantile amnesia
a) green = the area that we remember the most due to all the changes that occur at that age
b) blue = not needed
c) yellow = the lack of memory during this age due to lack of brain development
