W10_lec1 Flashcards
a) describe functional fixedness
b) how may this serve as a problem for insight problems?
c) who proposed this idea of fxnal fixedness?
a) When faced w/ a novel problem it’s our instinct to rely on what we’ve done in the past in similar sits
b) insight problems require one to examine the problem from a different perceptive thus the act of using the same method (and thus the same perspective) to solve this as you did another similar problem will make it even more difficult to solve
c) Duncker
How does Maier suggest one being able to overcome fxnal fixedness?
they state that if the person is given a relevant hint they may be able to overcome it
does fxnal fixedness INC w/ age and exp?
yes - as one gains more exp they are more likely to fall back on those exp and relate them to newer exp however if they have little to no exp they are forced to come up w/ new starts
What is insight?
the ability to gain a accurate understanding of a person/thing
Does sleep promote insight?
yes - insight improves while one is sleeping
which of the following ANS would be considered insight trials?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
e) more than one above (if this is the ANS which ones?)
1 + 2 - due to the ANS just popping up suddenly
can we track the development insight? why?
yes - by tracking one’s eye movements as it appears to show knowledge of the solution before the response was made
What is this image demonstrating
Dunker’s radiation problem = is where a patient has a malignant tumor that can only be destroyed by a laser however it will also destroy the healthy surrounding tissue. Its an insight problem.
a) what is this graph demonstrating?
b) what can you conclude from this?
a) its showing where the participants are looking when trying to solve Dunker’s radiation problem. Comparing those who were able to solve the problem w/ those who couldn’t
b) those who were successful showed signs of knowing the ANS as they seemed to pay much more attention to the skin compared to those who didn’t. Showing that eye movement can predict insight
Does guiding eye movements in a pattern consistent w/ the solution promotes insight?
yes - moving your eyes can move your thoughts
what is embodied guidance?
the act of guiding towards a certain cognitive change through the movement of a part of the body
What is the relationship b/w embodied guidance and problem-solving?
a) INC embodied guidance = INC problem solving
b) DEC embodied guidance = INC problem solving
c) INC embodied guidance = DEC problem solving
d) DEC embodied guidance = DEC problem solving
e) more than one of the above
e -> a + d
What do the following test? Describe each
a) remote associates test = RAT
b) unusual uses test = UUT
a) convergent thinking = the act of finding one solution to a problem
b) divergent thinking = the act of finding many solutions to a problem
describe the RAT (remote associates test)
creative convergent thinking = when presented w/ a group of words you are required to come up w/ a single extra words that link them
describe the UUT (unusual uses test)
creative divergent thinking = participant is asked to think of as many uses as possible for the given object
What is incubation wrt problem-solving?
its the act of stepping back from a problem and letting your mind wander in order to nurture the unconscious thought process
Is forgetting important for creative thinking?
yes as it allows one to think from a new perspective and provides the subconscious to continue to process the thought w/out hindrance (incubation)
