W27-L1: Management of T1D Flashcards
What is type 1 diabetes caused by?
absolute deficiency of insulin caused by an autoimmune attack that destroys the pancreatic ß cells
What are the consequences of insulin deficiency?
- Hyperglycaemia
- Uncontrolled lipolysis
- Increased in protein degradation
What does adding a fatty side chain to insulin do?
Help it enter the brain
What does quick acting refer to in insulin medication?
quick is how fast it is absorbed from subcutaneous site after injection not action on the receptor
What is the typical insulin regime?
Basal bolus of long acting at night, short acting before each meal
What are the main issues with transplantation?
- Availability of tissue to transplant
2. Life long Immunosuppression- increase risk of cancer and exotic infections
What are complications of T1D?
Retinopathy
Nephropathy
Neuropathy
What is the basis of HbA1c?
When glucose is high, it non-enzymatically binds to proteins via an irreversible covalent bond
When is fructosamine used?
When patients have a high red cell turnover (have a artificially low HbA1c) this indicates glucose levels for 6-8 weeks
How do you treat hypoglycaemic T1D?
Glucagon infusion
