W26-L1: Glucose Flashcards
What is the general function of metabolism?
Links breakdown (catabolism) of food to the synthesis of proteins and biomolecules (anabolism)
Is ATP a high energy intermediate?
No, its low, NADH is high
How much ATP does aerobic metabolism of glucose make compared to anaerobic?
Anaerobic = 2 ATP
Aerobic = 32 ATP
What is the fasting reserve of glucose?
Glycogen
What are the major divisions of sugars?
Aldose = Galactose and Glucose
Ketose = Fructose
Do sugars need a transporter to enter a cell?
Yes, GLUTs
What are the key GLUTs?
GLUT 1 = Universal
GLUT 2 = Liver and pancreas
GLUT 4 = Muscle and adipose
What cells in the body have to follow anaerobic metabolism?
Red blood cells
Where does gluconeogenesis create new glucose from?
Glycerol or amino acids, never fat
Where does blood glucose damage the body first?
Capillary bed of eyes and feet
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytosol
What is the treatment for galactosaemia?
Remove milk
Does fructose elicit insulin release from the pancreas?
No
Does fructose increase the production of leptin from fat cells?
No
