W2 - Jetten and Horsney 2014 Deviance and dissent in groups

Question 1

Behaviors will be labeled as deviant if…

Answer 1

The content of a group norm is salient
The situation makes it more noticeable

Question 2

Norms can be violated if…

Answer 2

• Individuals can fail to live up to important group norms or reject group norms
• Individuals can deviate by contributing more to the group

Question 3

Reasons for deviance and dissent

Answer 3

• Uncertainty
• Social identity approach

Question 4

Motives for deviance and dissent

Answer 4

1. Disloyalty or disengagement
2. Care for the group, changing norms for the better
3. Moral rebels
4. Group members want to express individuality and uniqueness
5. Violations are associated with tangible rewards

Question 5

Motives for rejecting deviace and dissent

Answer 5

1. Threatened group positivity
2. Threateed group cohesion
3. Threatened group distinctiveness
4. Threatened group locomotion
5. Threatened self-image

Question 6

Restoring threathened group positivity

Answer 6

The black sheep effect: unlikeable or deviant in-group members are punished more harshly than out-group members

Devaluation: serves the function of identity maintenance and protection

Derogation of in-group members: serves the function of protecting the threatened identities of individual group members

Question 7

Maintaining group distinctiveness

Answer 7

Criticizing or rejecting deviance and disagreement helps protect the group’s shared attitudes, beliefs and way of seeing the world

Question 8

Restoring group cohesion

Answer 8

Threat of blurred boundaries: deviants aligning with out-group norms can dilute group boundaries and reduce distinctiveness

Model of subjective group dynamics: group members evaluate behavior based on whether it validates or undermines group norms

Question 9

Restoring group locomotion

Answer 9

Group locomotion: a group’s ability to achieve its goals is hindered by deviant behavior

Frustration with deviants: deviants slow down the group’s progress and impar goal achievement

Question 10

How do moral rebels threaten the self-image of the group?

Answer 10

• Implying criticism of conforming members
• Creating dissonance by challenging assumptions
• Undermining justifications for immoral acts
• When it leads to positive image: can provoke jealousy

Question 11

Moral rebels threaten group self-image by…

Answer 11

• Implying criticism of conforming members
• Creating dissonance by challenging assumptions
• Undermining justification for immoral acts

Question 12

Value of dissent and deviance

Answer 12

Deviants clarify norms, values and enable social change
Deviants exemplify unacceptable behavior

Question 13

Factors influencing tolerance for deviance and dissent

Answer 13

1. Deviant history: repeat offenders face harsher judgments
2. Guilt certainty: known guilt increases negative reactions
3. Power: powerful group members are given more freedom to dissent

Question 14

Idiosyncrasy credits

Answer 14

People who have proved their loyalty to their group in the past have the most permission to violate rules and to challenge the group culture

Question 15

Strategic considerations

Answer 15

Public vs private judgments: deviants are judged more harshly in public settings
Long-term members have a greater right to deviate
Deviance is celebrated when it benefits the group’s reputation