Vowels

Question 1

Which articulators shape vowel sounds?

Answer 1

Position of the tongue, jaw, and lips

Question 2

How does lip configuration influence vowel sounds?

Answer 2

Rounded versus unrounded vowels: lips assume a rounded, protruded posture or a retracted position position for unrounded vowels (who versus he)

Question 3

How does tongue position influence vowel sounds?

Answer 3

It can move front to back (he- who, map, mop,

or high-low (heave - have, who - ha)

Question 4

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 4

/i/
high front, unrounded

Question 5

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 5

/ɪ/
high mid, front, unrounded

Question 6

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 6

/e/
mid front, unrounded

Question 7

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 7

/ɛ/
low mid, front, unrounded

Question 8

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 8

/æ/
low front, unrounded

Question 9

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 9

/ə/
central mid, unrounded

Question 10

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 10

/ɚ/
central mid, r-colored

Question 11

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 11

/ʌ/
low mid, central, unrounded

Question 12

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 12

/u/
high back, rounded

Question 13

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 13

/ʊ/
high mid, back, rounded

Question 14

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 14

/o/
mid, back, rounded

Question 15

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 15

/ɔ/
mid low, back, rounded

Question 16

What is this vowel? (IPA)
Describe it (place)
Sound/Example:

Answer 16

/ɑ/
low back, unrounded

Question 17

What are the front vowels?

Answer 17

Tongue positioned toward the front of the mouth
/i/, / ɪ /, /e/, / ɛ /, and / æ /

Question 18

What are the central vowels?

Answer 18

Tongue body near the center of the mouth
/ɝ/ , /ɚ/ , /ʌ/

Question 19

What are the back vowels?

Answer 19

Tongue positioned near the back of the oral cavity/u/, / ʊ /, /o/, /ɔ/, /ɑ/

Question 20

What are the high vowels?

Answer 20

raising the tongue above resting position
/i/, /u/

Question 21

What are the high mid vowels?

Answer 21

/ɪ/, /ʊ/

Question 22

What are the mid vowels?

Answer 22

/e/, /ɝ/, /ɚ/, /o/

Question 23

What are the low mid vowels?

Answer 23

/ɛ/, /ʌ/, /ɔ/

Question 24

What are the low vowels?

Answer 24

lowering the tongue from resting position
/æ/, /ɑ/

Question 25

What are diphthongs?

Answer 25

related to vowels, but articulation changes during production of the sound are dynamic sounds – involve a progressive change in the vocal tract

Question 26

/aɪ/
sound and examples

Answer 26

eyes, time, why

Question 27

/aʊ/
examples

Answer 27

out, down, now

Question 28

/ɔɪ/
examples

Answer 28

oil, point, boy

Question 29

/eɪ/

Answer 29

able, make, way

Question 30

/oʊ/

Answer 30

over, both, so

Question 31

What is a rhotic diphthong?

Answer 31

Question 32

/ɑr/

Answer 32

car

Question 33

/ɛr /

Answer 33

dare

Question 34

/ɪr/

Answer 34

dear

Question 35

/ɔr/

Answer 35

door

Question 36

Which vowels are rounded?

Answer 36

[u], [ʊ], [o], [ɔ]
(all back except [ɑ])

Question 37

Which vowels are unrounded?

Answer 37

[i], [ɪ], [e], [ɛ], [æ], [ɑ], [ʌ], [ə].

Question 38

What is the difference between ɝ and ɚ?

Answer 38

⟨ɝ⟩ are stressed
– early, first, sir
⟨ɚ⟩ are unstressed
– percent, never

Question 39

What is the difference between ʌ and ə?

Answer 39

[ʌ] occurs in stressed syllables, and [ə] occurs in unstressed syllables