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SUMPHYS2 > VOP RBC > Flashcards

VOP RBC Flashcards

1
Q

What are function of Erythrocytes?

A

**Carry carbonic anhydrase to help with *buffering of blood. RBC structure prevents Hgb from entering urine. THus min. changes in pH

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2
Q

What is structure of RBC?

A

Hundreds, outnumber WBC: flexible, biconcave. Move thru tight places to help facilitate gas exchange

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3
Q

How is RBC developed?

A
  1. Yolk sac 2. Moves abd for liver and spleen and nodes locale 3. Final Bone marrow for development 8-9th mo
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4
Q

WHat prevents clumping of RBC?

A

Glycoprotein surface has neg charge

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5
Q

What is basis of HgA1C?

A

Surface of RBC, sugar attaches leves mark

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6
Q

What is lineage of the progenitor stem cell that is committed?

A

Daughter cells are committed stem cells from erythroid progenitor-MYELOID stem cell

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7
Q

How do RBC grow and differentiate and inc in production?

A

*EPO hormone from Kidney. 1. SNS trigger EPO-inc O2 filgith or fight 2.

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8
Q

What is pernicious anemia?

A

Absence of cofactors B12 and Folic acid that aide in RBC development. Not only a GI but Blood issue

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9
Q

What is role of EPO hormone?

A
  1. Common erythrocyte progenitor cell = CEP=express erythropoietin receptor
  2. stimulates final differentiation
    3 growth factor
    4.** absence of EPO=apoptosis
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10
Q

What protein change confirmation to mature RBC?

A

JAK and STAT induce transcription growth factors from . Activated Tyrosine kinase

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11
Q

What cell give us WBC, RBC, platelets?

A

MYELOID-Blood red composed of proteins RBC, WBC platel. PUS dead cell.

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12
Q

Name the Erythrocyte precursors?

A

Proerythroblasts- 1st cell make Hgb in BM 2. Basophilic erythroblast-blue 3. Reticulocyte- release early if needed.immature, min nucleus and protein. NOT a cell

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13
Q

What forms hime which contains iron?

A

Protoporphyrin

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14
Q

What is structure of Hgb?

A

4 subunit with binding site for O2 2. Spherical -shaped with iron in middle

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15
Q

What iron binds O2?

A

Ferrous Fe2

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16
Q

WHat iron is attached to Hgb when hypoxic?

A

Fe3- methemoglobin leads to hemolytic anemia

17
Q

How does DPG affect binding of O2 to Hgb?

A

O2 changes Hgb shape so more binding, thus DPG cannot prevent binding. DPG attached if Hgb is unbound. O2 INC HgB binding affinity

18
Q

How do RBC get energy if no nucleus? Are RBC a cell?

A

Not really a cell. vessel for carrying Hgb. Lose nucleus and cytoplasm for space for Hgb and O2 transport. RELY on glucose from liver release and diet etc in blood. Mitochondria would steal binded O2.

19
Q

WHat is pathway for RBC glycolysis?

A

Embend Myerhof-little energy from RBC- Products lactic acid, DPG, NADH- DEC Fe3

20
Q

Why do RBC have shorter life than other cells?

A

Nothing to repair itself. No proteins , no nucleus to make proteins. They die__spleen__liver, bilirubin (color urine, feces, and bile)_excretion of Hgb

21
Q

Why is sickle cell deformed?

A

Valin substitute at 6th globin chain

22
Q

What is pathophysio of SCD?

A

Hypoxic state form crystal causing rigid sickle shaped/t substitution- Loses flexibility- INC bleeds

23
Q

What is the process of Iron metabolism?

A

**Apotransferrin in *blood (transfer protein) bind to Fe from diet to form TRANSFERRIN.

24
Q

How is iron stored?

A

Apoferritin in *cells bind Fe to form FERRITIN. STORAGE FORM OF IRON

25
Q

What forms if ferritin storage is maxed out?

A

hemosiderin-insoluble form of iron- red color in PVD

26
Q

What is result from failure of transferring to enter erythroblasts?

A

TRansferrin stores iron from blood in our diet. IRON is needed for Hemoglobin. Result is HYPOCHROMIC anemia- low color, less iron

27
Q

What is the life span of RBC

A

120 days. HbA1C- glucose stuck to protein on surface. tells us avg of sugar on RBC = DM

28
Q

Why are RBC life span so short?

A

Enzymatic activity fails-due to lack of cell machinery

29
Q

What is RBC cell death process?

A

Rupture__inter small vessles_spleen recover old RBC_MACs in spleen ingest and return to blood_liver bilirubin.

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