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Adult Neuro > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Alertness

A

Responds appropriately; can open eyes, look at examiner, respond fully and appropriately to stimuli

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2
Q

Lethargy

A

Patient appears drowsy; can open eyes and look at examiner, respond to questions, but falls asleep easily

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3
Q

Obtundation

A

Patient can open eyes, look at examiner, but responds slowly and is confused; demonstrates decreased alertness and interest in environment

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4
Q

Stupor

A

Patient can be aroused from sleep only with painful stimuli; verbal responses are slow or absent; patient returns to unresponsive state when stimuli are removed; demonstrates minimal awareness of self and environment

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5
Q

Coma

A

A state of unconsciousness from which a patient cannot be aroused, eyes remain closed; no response to external stimuli or environment

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6
Q

Unresponsive vigilance (vegetative) state

A

A state characterized by the return of sleep/wake cycles, normalization of vegetative functions (respiration, HR, BP, digestion) and lack of cognitive responsiveness (can be aroused but is unaware)

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7
Q

Persistent vegetative state

A

a state lasting > 1 year for TBI and > 3 months for anoxic brain injury

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8
Q

Minimally conscious state (MCS)

A

A state characterized by severely altered consciousness with minimal but definite evidence of self or environmental awareness

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9
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS):

A 
Eye opening
Motor response
Verbal response 
severe:1-8
moderate: 9-12
minor: 13-15
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10
Q

Non fluent aphasia (Broca’s motor aphasia, expressive aphasia)

A

A central language disorder in which speech is typically awkward, restricted, interrupted and produced with effort
The result of a lesion involving the 3rd frontal convolution of the left hemisphere (Broca’s area)

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11
Q

Verbal apraxia:

A

Impairment of volitional articulatory control secondary to a cortical, dominant hemisphere lesion

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12
Q

Dysarthria

A

Impairment of speech production resulting from damage to the central or peripheral nervous system; causes weakness, paralysis or incoordination of the motor-speech system (respiration, articulation, phonation and movements of jaw and tongue)

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13
Q

Fluent aphasia (Wernicke’s aphasia, receptive aphasia)

A

A central language disorder in which spontaneous speech is preserved and flows smoothly, while auditory comprehension is impaired.

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14
Q

What is fluent aphasia a result of?

A

a lesion in the posterior first temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere (Wernicke’s area)

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15
Q

Global aphasia

A

Examine for marked impairments in comprehension and production of language
expressive and reception

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16
Q

Kernig’s Sign:

A

symptom of meningitis

severe stiffness of hamstrings causes an inability to strightenthe leg when the hip is flexed to 90

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17
Q

Brudzinski’s sign:

A

symptom of meningitis

severe neck stiffness causes a patient’s hips and knees to flex when neck is flexed

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18
Q

somatognosia

A

Body scheme disorder

have a patient identify body parts or their relationship to each other

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19
Q

Visual spatial neglect (unilateral neglect)

A

determine whether patient ignores one side of the body and stimuli coming from that side

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20
Q

Right/Left discrimination disorder

A

have patient identify right and left sides of his or her own body and your body

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21
Q

Anosognosia

A

severe denial, neglect or lack of awareness of severity of condition; determine whether patient shows severe impairments in neglect and body scheme

22
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

patient cannot perform the task on command, but can do the task when left on own

23
Q

Ideational apraxia

A

patient cannot perform the task at all, either on command or on own

24
Q

Decerebrate Rigidity:

A

increased tone, and sustained posturing of all limb; trunk/neck in rigid extension

25
Q

Decorticate Rigidity

A

increased tone and sustained posturing of upper limbs in flexion and lower limbs in extension

26
Q

Opisthotonos

A

Prolonged, severe spasm of muscles, causing the head, back and heels to arch backward; arms and hands are held rigidly flexed
Seen in severe meningitis, tetanus, epilepsy and strychnine poisoning

27
Q

Tics:

A

spasmodic contractions of specific muscles commonly involving face, head, neck or shoulder muscles

28
Q

Chorea

A

relatively quick twitches or “dancing” movements

29
Q

Athetosis

A

slow, irregular, twisting, sinuous movements, occurring especially in upper extremities

30
Q

Tremor

A

continuous quivering movements: rhythmic, oscillatory movement observed at rest (resting tremor)

31
Q

Myoclonus:

A

single, quick jerk

32
Q

Action tremor:

A

tremor worsening with movement

33
Q

dysmetria

A

inability to move the precise distance required

34
Q

Abarognosis

A

inability to recognize weight

35
Q

Allesthesia

A

sensation experiences at a site remote from point of stimulation

36
Q

Allodynia

A

pain produced by non-noxious stimuli

37
Q

Analgesia

A

complete loss of pain sensitivity

38
Q

Astereognosis

A

inability to recognize the form and shape of objects by touch

39
Q

Atopognosia

A

inability to localize a sensation

40
Q

Causalgia

A

painful, burning sensation, usually along the distribution of a nerve

41
Q

Dysesthesia

A

touch sensation experienced as pain

42
Q

Hypalgesia

A

decreased sensitivity to pain

43
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

increased sensitivity to pain

44
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli

45
Q

Hypesthesia

A

decreases sensitivity to sensory stimuli

46
Q

Pallanesthesia

A

loss of absence of sensibility to vibration

47
Q

Paresthesia

A

abnormal sensation such as numbness, prickling, or tingling without apparent cause

48
Q

Thermanalgesia

A

inability to perceive heat

49
Q

Thermanesthesia

A

inability to perceive sensations of cold or heat

50
Q

Thermhyperesthesia

A

increased sensitivity to temperature

51
Q

Thermhypesthesia

A

decreases temperature sensibility

52
Q

Thigmanesthesia

A

loss of light touch sensibility

Adult Neuro (26 decks)

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