Finals 2 Flashcards
Brudzinski’s sign
severe neck stiffness causes a patient’s hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed
Kernig’s sign
severe stiffness of the hamstrings causes an inability to straighten the leg when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees
Minimal detectable change (MDC) in 5x sit to stand:
3.6-4.2 seconds
Minimally Clinically Important Difference (MCID):
2.3 seconds
5XSST 60-69:
11.4
5XSST 70-79:
12.6
5XSST 80-89:
14.8
5XSST geriatric population greater than 12 seconds:
further assessment of fall risk
5XSST geriatric population greater than 15 seconds
recurrent falls
5XSST vestibular disorders:
greater than 15 seconds fall risk
5XSST PD:
greater than 16 seconds fall risk
Minimal detectable change for Parkinson’s Disease 9 hole peg test, dominant hand:
2.6 seconds
Minimal detectable change for Parkinson’s Disease 9 hole peg test, nondominant hand
1.3 seconds
Archicerebellum (Flocculonodular)
Uncoordinated trunk movements – ataxia. Balance deficits d/t loss of vestibular input from vestibular nuclei, cuneocerebellar tract, and rostral cerebellar tract
Paleocerebellum(Anterior):
Disturbances in extensor tone (b/c this lobe receives the Spinocerebellar tracts – which when lost result in an ↑ in extensor tone.
Neocerebellum (Posterior):
Ipsilateral ataxia, Ipsilateral hypotonia & hyporeflexia, Dysmetria, Adiadochkinesia, movement decomposition, asthenia, intention tremors, rebound phenomenon, ataxic gait, staccato voice
Basilar migraine
symptoms include vertigo, tinnitus, decreased hearing, and ataxia (loss of coordination)
Peripheral tests
head thrust head shaking nystagmus Dix hallpike tragal pressure fized gaze nystagmus
Peripheral or central:
❏ VOR
❏ Spontaneous Nystagmus (if vertical, then central*)
❏ Visual Acuity/Dynamic Visual Acuity
Fixed Gaze Nystagmus
Central:
❏ OMROM ❏ Smooth Pursuit ❏ Saccades ❏ VOR Cancellation ❏ Convergence ❏ Optokinetic Nystagmus Fixed Gaze Nystagmus- directional changing
Bulbar palsy:
LMN affecting: CNVIIXII
flaccid paralysis of pharynx and larynx
Pseudobulbar palsy
bilateral UMN
spastic paralysis of pharynx and larynx
Stage I ALS:
early disease, mild focal weakness, asymmetrical distribution, symptoms of hand cramping and fasiculations
Stage II ALS
moderate weakness in groups of muscles, some wasting (atrophy) of muscles; modified independence with assistive devices
Stage III ALS
severe weakness of specific muscles, increasing fatigue, mild to moderate functional limitations, ambulatory
Stage IV ALS
severe weakness and wasting of Les, mild weakness of Ues; moderate assistive and assistive devices, wheelchair user
Stage V ALS
- progressive weakness with deterioration of mobility and endurance, increased fatigue, moderate to severe weakness of whole limbs and trunk, spasticity, hyperreflexia, moss of head control, maximal assist
Stage VI ALS
bedridden, dependent ADLs, FMS; progressive respiratory distress
Aerobic post polio:
3x a week
60-70% HR
15-30 mins
walking, swimming, etc
Strength post polio:
3-5 x a week
60-80% 1RM
5 contract, 10 relax
concentric