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Final Flashcards

1
Q

Sustained attention

A

ability to attend to a task w/o redirection; determine time on task, frequency of redirection

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2
Q

Divided attention

A

ability to shift attention from one task to another; assess ability of dual task control; assess also for perseveration (mental inertia); getting stuck on a task

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3
Q

Focused attention

A

a. ability to stay on task in prescience of detractors; assess impact of environmental versus internal detractors

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4
Q

Mini Mental Exam

A

Used to test cognitive dysfunction

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5
Q

Mini Mental Exam 21-24:

A

mild cognitive impairment

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6
Q

Mini Mental Exam 16-20:

A

moderate

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7
Q

Mini Mental Exam 15 or less

A

severe

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8
Q

Rancho Level I:

A

No Response: Total Assistance

No responses to pain, touch sound or sight

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9
Q

Rancho Level II:

A

Generalized Reflex Response: Total Assistance
general responses to all stimuli
but not purposeful

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10
Q

Rancho Level III:

A

Localized Response: Total Assistance

consistent responses specific to stimulus (withdraws from pain, turns toward sound)

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11
Q

Rancho Level IV:

A 
Confused/Agitated: Maximal Assistance 
Alert
Aggressive or bizarre behaviors
Motor activities may be non purposeful
Extremely short attention span 
Decreased attention with overstimulation
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12
Q

Rancho Level V:

A

Confused, Inappropriate Non-Agitated: Maximal Assistance
Highly distractible, continual redirection
Not oriented to person, place or time
Very impaired short term memory
Social conversations with inappropriate verbalizations

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13
Q

Rancho Level VI:

A

Confused, Appropriate: Moderate Assistance
Inconsistently oriented to person, time and place
Long term memory better than short term
Emerging awareness of appropriate response to self, family and basic needs
Unaware of impairments, disabilities and safety risks, max assist for new learning
Consistently follows simple directions

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14
Q

Rancho Level VII:

A

Automatic, Appropriate: Minimal Assistance for Daily Living Skills
Patient appropriate and able to learn new tasks
Overestimates abilities
Difficulty with future planning or responding to new/different situations.
Needs structure to function well

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15
Q

Rancho Level VIII:

A

Purposeful, Appropriate: Stand-By Assistance
Improved self awareness and ability to plan and cope with changes
Continues to be easily frustrated or angered with challenges

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16
Q

Rancho Level IX

A

Purposeful/Appropriate
Assistance may be required at times
Patient able to ask for assistance

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17
Q

Ranch Level X

A

Purposeful/Appropriate
Independent with a few modifications walking independently with a walker
using bedrails to sit up in bed

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18
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

pt can perform the task on command, but can do the task when left on own

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19
Q

Ideational apraxia

A

pt cannot perform the task at all, either on command or on own

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20
Q

Modified Ashworth 0

A

no increase in muscle tone

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21
Q

Modified Ashworth 1

A

minimal resistance to end ROM

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22
Q

Modified Ashworth 1+

A

minimal resistance through less than 1/2 ROM

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23
Q

Modified Ashworth 2

A

increase in muscle tone through most ROM, affected part easily moved

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24
Q

Modified Ashworth 3

A

passive movement difficult

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25
Q

Modified Ashworth 4

A

rigid in flexion or extension

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26
Q

Opisthotonos

A

Prolonged, severe spas of muscles, causing the head, back and heels to arch backward; arms and hands are held rigidly flexed

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27
Q

Plantar Reflex (S1-S2, Tibial N.)

A

Stroking of the lateral sole of the food from calcaneus to base of 5th MT and m medially across MT heads produces PF of toes. Occurs in neurologically in intact individuals

28
Q

Babinski

A

Stroking of lateral sole of foot from calcaneus to base of 5th MT and medially a across MT heads produces DF of great toe and fanning (abduction) of the 4
lesser toes. Seen in pts with corticospinal lesions

29
Q

Abdominal Reflex (T6-L1)

A

Lateral to medial scratching of skin towards umbilicus in each of the 4 quadrants produces deviation of the umbilicus towards the stimulus. Occurs in neurologically intact individual. Loss of ab reflexes is a sign of corticospinal l lesion

30
Q

Flexor Withdrawal

A

Noxious stimulus (pinprick) to the sole of the foot produces toe extension, DF of foot and flex of the entire LE

31
Q

Crossed Extension Reflex

A

Noxious stimulus to the sole of foot produces flex of stimulated LE, the ext with adduction of opposite LE

32
Q

Chorea

A

relatively quick twitches or “dancing” movements

33
Q

Athetosis

A

slow, irregular, twisting, sinuous movements, occurring especially in UE

34
Q

Cerebellar disorders

A

intention tremor occurring when voluntary movement is attempted

35
Q

Cortical Disorders

A

epileptic seizures, tonic/clonic convulsive movements

36
Q

Dyssynergia

A

impaired ability to associate muscles together for complex movement

37
Q

BERG 41-56

A

low fall risk

38
Q

BERG 21-40

A

medium fall risk

39
Q

BERG 0-20

A

high fall risj

40
Q

DGI fall risk

41
Q

Right stroke:

A

apraxia, impulsive, neglect

42
Q

Left stroke:

A

aphasia, overly cautious

43
Q

UE Flexion Synergy:

A 
i.	Scapular retraction/elevation or hyperextension
Shoulder abduction, ER
Elbow Flexion**
Forearm supination
Wrist and finger flexion
44
Q

UE Extension Synergy:

A 
Scapular protraction
Shoulder adduction**, IR
Elbow extension
Forearm pronation**
Wrist and finger flexion
45
Q

LE Flexion Synergy:

A

Hip flexion**, abd, ER
Knee flexion
Ankle DF, inversion
Toe DF

46
Q

LE Extension Synergy:

A

Hip extension, adduction, IR
Knee extension
Ankle PF, inversion
Toe PF

47
Q

Synergy:

A

Stereotyped set of movements that occur in response to a stimulus or voluntary movement

48
Q

Associated Reactions:

A

Voluntary movements of 1 extremity produce unintentional movements in another extremity

49
Q

FIM 7

A

complete independence; fully independent

50
Q

FIM 6

A

modified independence; AD

51
Q

FIM 5

A

supervision; standby by assistance or verbal cues

52
Q

FIM 4

A

Minimal assistance; subject performs 75% of task

53
Q

FIM 3

A

moderate assistance; subject performs 50-75% of task

54
Q

FIM 2

A

maximal assistance; subject performs 25-49% of task

55
Q

FIM 1

A

total assistance; subject performs less than 25% of task

56
Q

What are the criteria for CIMT

A

10 degrees active wrist ext., thumb abd, finger extension

57
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale:

A

■ Pupillary Response
■ Motor Activity
■ Ability to verbalize

58
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale mild TBI

59
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale moderate TBI:

60
Q

Glasgow coma scale severe TBI:

A

greater than 9

61
Q

Precentral Area

A

Contralateral paralysis and paresis, apraxia or motor planning deficits, loss of specific motor plans, loss of bilateral control of posture, transitory paralysis of conjugate eye movements to opposite side, nonfluent aphasia

62
Q

Prefontal area

A

Bilateral lesions, impaired ability to concentrate, bilateral lesions, impaired ability to concentrate, inability to discriminate odors

63
Q

Parietal

A

Loss of contralateral stimulus location, intensity, tactile agnosia, astereognosis, agrapherstesia, loss of 2 point discrimination, extinction, impairment of taste in contralateral side of tongue, visual-spatial disorders, body scheme disorders, apraxias, tactile and auditory perceptual disorders.

64
Q

Temporal

A

Subtle decreased in hearing and ability to localize sounds, both contralaterally; Fluent aphasia; impairment of learning and memory; profound memory loss of recent events, no new learning

65
Q

Recovery following diffuse axonal injury?

A 
coma 
unresponsive vigilance/vegetative state
mute responsive
confusional state
emerging independence
intellectual/social competence

Adult Neuro (26 decks)

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