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Adult Neuro > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Sustained attention

A

ability to attend to a task w/o redirection; determine time on task, frequency of redirection

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2
Q

Divided attention

A

ability to shift attention from one task to another; assess ability of dual task control; assess also for perseveration (mental inertia); getting stuck on a task

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3
Q

Focused attention

A

a. ability to stay on task in prescience of detractors; assess impact of environmental versus internal detractors

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4
Q

Mini Mental Exam

A

Used to test cognitive dysfunction

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5
Q

Mini Mental Exam 21-24:

A

mild cognitive impairment

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6
Q

Mini Mental Exam 16-20:

A

moderate

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7
Q

Mini Mental Exam 15 or less

A

severe

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8
Q

Rancho Level I:

A

No Response: Total Assistance

No responses to pain, touch sound or sight

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9
Q

Rancho Level II:

A

Generalized Reflex Response: Total Assistance
general responses to all stimuli
but not purposeful

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10
Q

Rancho Level III:

A

Localized Response: Total Assistance

consistent responses specific to stimulus (withdraws from pain, turns toward sound)

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11
Q

Rancho Level IV:

A 
Confused/Agitated: Maximal Assistance 
Alert
Aggressive or bizarre behaviors
Motor activities may be non purposeful
Extremely short attention span 
Decreased attention with overstimulation
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12
Q

Rancho Level V:

A

Confused, Inappropriate Non-Agitated: Maximal Assistance
Highly distractible, continual redirection
Not oriented to person, place or time
Very impaired short term memory
Social conversations with inappropriate verbalizations

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13
Q

Rancho Level VI:

A

Confused, Appropriate: Moderate Assistance
Inconsistently oriented to person, time and place
Long term memory better than short term
Emerging awareness of appropriate response to self, family and basic needs
Unaware of impairments, disabilities and safety risks, max assist for new learning
Consistently follows simple directions

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14
Q

Rancho Level VII:

A

Automatic, Appropriate: Minimal Assistance for Daily Living Skills
Patient appropriate and able to learn new tasks
Overestimates abilities
Difficulty with future planning or responding to new/different situations.
Needs structure to function well

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15
Q

Rancho Level VIII:

A

Purposeful, Appropriate: Stand-By Assistance
Improved self awareness and ability to plan and cope with changes
Continues to be easily frustrated or angered with challenges

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16
Q

Rancho Level IX

A

Purposeful/Appropriate
Assistance may be required at times
Patient able to ask for assistance

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17
Q

Ranch Level X

A

Purposeful/Appropriate
Independent with a few modifications walking independently with a walker
using bedrails to sit up in bed

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18
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

pt can perform the task on command, but can do the task when left on own

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19
Q

Ideational apraxia

A

pt cannot perform the task at all, either on command or on own

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20
Q

Modified Ashworth 0

A

no increase in muscle tone

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21
Q

Modified Ashworth 1

A

minimal resistance to end ROM

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22
Q

Modified Ashworth 1+

A

minimal resistance through less than 1/2 ROM

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23
Q

Modified Ashworth 2

A

increase in muscle tone through most ROM, affected part easily moved

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24
Q

Modified Ashworth 3

A

passive movement difficult

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25
Modified Ashworth 4
rigid in flexion or extension
26
Opisthotonos
Prolonged, severe spas of muscles, causing the head, back and heels to arch backward; arms and hands are held rigidly flexed
27
Plantar Reflex (S1-S2, Tibial N.)
Stroking of the lateral sole of the food from calcaneus to base of 5th MT and m medially across MT heads produces PF of toes. Occurs in neurologically in intact individuals
28
Babinski
Stroking of lateral sole of foot from calcaneus to base of 5th MT and medially a across MT heads produces DF of great toe and fanning (abduction) of the 4 lesser toes. Seen in pts with corticospinal lesions
29
Abdominal Reflex (T6-L1)
Lateral to medial scratching of skin towards umbilicus in each of the 4 quadrants produces deviation of the umbilicus towards the stimulus. Occurs in neurologically intact individual. Loss of ab reflexes is a sign of corticospinal l lesion
30
Flexor Withdrawal
Noxious stimulus (pinprick) to the sole of the foot produces toe extension, DF of foot and flex of the entire LE
31
Crossed Extension Reflex
Noxious stimulus to the sole of foot produces flex of stimulated LE, the ext with adduction of opposite LE
32
Chorea
relatively quick twitches or “dancing” movements
33
Athetosis
slow, irregular, twisting, sinuous movements, occurring especially in UE
34
Cerebellar disorders
intention tremor occurring when voluntary movement is attempted
35
Cortical Disorders
epileptic seizures, tonic/clonic convulsive movements
36
Dyssynergia
impaired ability to associate muscles together for complex movement
37
BERG 41-56
low fall risk
38
BERG 21-40
medium fall risk
39
BERG 0-20
high fall risj
40
DGI fall risk
under 19
41
Right stroke:
apraxia, impulsive, neglect
42
Left stroke:
aphasia, overly cautious
43
UE Flexion Synergy:
``` i. Scapular retraction/elevation or hyperextension Shoulder abduction, ER Elbow Flexion** Forearm supination Wrist and finger flexion ```
44
UE Extension Synergy:
``` Scapular protraction Shoulder adduction**, IR Elbow extension Forearm pronation** Wrist and finger flexion ```
45
LE Flexion Synergy:
Hip flexion**, abd, ER Knee flexion Ankle DF, inversion Toe DF
46
LE Extension Synergy:
Hip extension, adduction**, IR Knee extension** Ankle PF, inversion Toe PF
47
Synergy:
Stereotyped set of movements that occur in response to a stimulus or voluntary movement
48
Associated Reactions:
Voluntary movements of 1 extremity produce unintentional movements in another extremity
49
FIM 7
complete independence; fully independent
50
FIM 6
modified independence; AD
51
FIM 5
supervision; standby by assistance or verbal cues
52
FIM 4
Minimal assistance; subject performs 75% of task
53
FIM 3
moderate assistance; subject performs 50-75% of task
54
FIM 2
maximal assistance; subject performs 25-49% of task
55
FIM 1
total assistance; subject performs less than 25% of task
56
What are the criteria for CIMT
10 degrees active wrist ext., thumb abd, finger extension
57
Glasgow Coma Scale:
■ Pupillary Response ■ Motor Activity ■ Ability to verbalize
58
Glasgow Coma Scale mild TBI
13-15
59
Glasgow Coma Scale moderate TBI:
9-12
60
Glasgow coma scale severe TBI:
greater than 9
61
Precentral Area
Contralateral paralysis and paresis, apraxia or motor planning deficits, loss of specific motor plans, loss of bilateral control of posture, transitory paralysis of conjugate eye movements to opposite side, nonfluent aphasia
62
Prefontal area
Bilateral lesions, impaired ability to concentrate, bilateral lesions, impaired ability to concentrate, inability to discriminate odors
63
Parietal
Loss of contralateral stimulus location, intensity, tactile agnosia, astereognosis, agrapherstesia, loss of 2 point discrimination, extinction, impairment of taste in contralateral side of tongue, visual-spatial disorders, body scheme disorders, apraxias, tactile and auditory perceptual disorders.
64
Temporal
Subtle decreased in hearing and ability to localize sounds, both contralaterally; Fluent aphasia; impairment of learning and memory; profound memory loss of recent events, no new learning
65
Recovery following diffuse axonal injury?
``` coma unresponsive vigilance/vegetative state mute responsive confusional state emerging independence intellectual/social competence ```

Adult Neuro (26 decks)

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