Vocab - Islam

Question 1

Muhammad

Answer 1

• born to a powerful meccan family clan
• talented, charismatic, businessman, knows how to get along with all the different clans

Question 2

Islam

Answer 2

“submission to the will of Allah”

Question 3

Muslim

Answer 3

“one who has submitted”

Question 4

Hijrah

Answer 4

the journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina

Question 5

Mosque

Answer 5

place of worship, like a church

Question 6

Hajj

Answer 6

pilgramage to mecca

Question 7

Qu’ran

Answer 7

holy book of muslims
Muhammad’s revelations recieved from Gabriel

Question 8

Sunna

Answer 8

Muhammad’s example

Question 9

Shari’a

Answer 9

laws
combined Sunna + Qu’ran

Question 10

Mecca

Answer 10

polytheistic, muhammad eventually took it over, resisted islam at first, muslims pray this way

Question 11

Medina (Yathrib)

Answer 11

Muhammad moved there

Question 12

Ka’aba

Question 13

Abraham

Question 14

Khadijah

Answer 14

• the daughter of Khuwaylid ibn Asad, a leader of the Quraysh tribe in Makkah and a successful businesswoman
• wife of muhammad

Question 15

Dome of the Rock

Answer 15

Question 16

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 16

1. Shahada - Faith
2. Salat - Prayer
3. Hajj - pilgrimage
4. Sawm - Fasting
5. Zakat - almsgiving/charity

Question 17

core belief in islam

Answer 17

“There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God”

Question 18

prayer in Islam

Answer 18

Muslims pray facing Mecca five times a day: at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and after dark

Question 19

pilgrimage in Islam

Answer 19

For those Muslims who are physically and financially able to make the journey to Makkah, the Hajj is a once in a lifetime duty that is the peak of their religious life.

Question 20

“People of the Book”

Answer 20

Jews and Christians
supposed to be treated kindly and tolerated
in the early days they had to face higher taxes

Question 21

“Rightly Guided Caliphs”

Answer 21

Abu-Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali

Question 22

Rashudin Caliphate

Answer 22

• the first caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
• ruled by the first four successive caliphs of Muhammad after his death in 632 CE.

Question 23

Abu Bakr

Answer 23

first caliph
invoked jihad

Question 24

Umar

Question 25

Uthman

Answer 25

when he died, civil war began

Question 26

Ali

Answer 26

last "rightly guided" caliph murdered end of caliphate and election of caliph

Question 27

Umayyad

Question 28

Mu’awiya I

Answer 28

rivaled Ali

Question 29

Damascus

Answer 29

cultural center of islamic learning, leading city till baghdad, Umayyad Capital city

Question 30

Abbasid

Answer 30

- murdured Umayyad family - created string beurocracy - acess to trade routes, gold, info abt far flung empire - taxes

Question 31

Baghdad

Answer 31

capital for Abbasids

Question 32

Jihad

Answer 32

- a struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam - they spread Islam through conquering

Question 33

Shi’a

Answer 33

- Ali's followers - caliph had to be descended from Muhammad - resisted Umayyad rule - don't recognize Summa authority and claim that the SUnni are misinterpretig passages of the Qu'ran

Question 34

Sunni

Answer 34

- followers of Muhammad's example (Sunna) - didn't outwardly resist Umayyad rule - believe first four caliphs were "rightly guided"

Question 35

Sufi

Answer 35

- rejected luxurious life of Umayyads - pursued a life of poverty and devotion to a spiritual path

Question 36

Fatimid

Answer 36

- formed by Shi'a muslims - claimed descent from Muhammad's daughter/sister?

Question 37

Cordoban

Answer 37

The Caliphate of Córdoba also known as the Cordoban Caliphate was an Islamic state ruled by the Umayyad dynasty from 929 to 1031.

Question 38

Al-Andalus

Answer 38

the Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula. The term is used by modern historians for the former Islamic states in modern Spain and Portugal. At its greatest geographical extent, it occupied most of the peninsula and a part of present-day southern France,

Question 39

Prince Abd Al Rahman

Answer 39

created an Umayyad caliphate in Spain, survived murder by Abbasids

Question 40

Sakks

Answer 40

- Banks offered letters of credit to merchants - **checks**

Question 41

House of Wisdom

Answer 41

- library - university - ppl from all over the world came to offer and share knowledge - located in Baghdad

Question 42

Calligraphy

Question 43

Social Classes

Answer 43

1. Muslims at birth 2. converts to Islam 3. "protected people" 4. slaves

Question 44

Division in Caliphate

Answer 44

- **Shi'a** muslims believed that only he and his descendants were the rightful authority to rule the Muslim community. - **sunni** muslims believe that Muhammad's successor should be Abu Bakr

Question 45

Astronomy

Question 46

Astrolabe

Question 47

Al-Razi

Answer 47

greatest physician of the world civilizations between 500-1500

Question 48

Al-Khwarizmi

Answer 48

created Al-jabr

Question 49

Alhambra

Answer 49

one of the most famous monuments of Islamic architecture and one of the best-preserved palaces of the historic Islamic world,

Question 50

Maimonides

Answer 50

magnum opus is his codification of Jewish law, which he called Mishneh Torah, or "second to the Torah."

Question 51

Ibn Rushd

Answer 51

criticized for trying the blend Aristotle and Plato's views

Question 52

“Ideal Man”

Question 53

umma

Answer 53

Muslim religious community