Pyramids on the Nile

Question 1

Why did the Egyptians build pyramids?

Answer 1

used as a resting place after death

Question 2

Herodotus remarked that Egypt was the
“gift of the Nile.” What did he mean by that?

Answer 2

• egypt wouldn’t exist without the nile, which provided fertile soil for farming, so they could create a civilization

Question 3

Time Period

Answer 3

27-17 BCE

Question 4

River

Answer 4

The Nile River

Question 5

cities

Answer 5

alexandria, memphis

Question 6

physical boundaries

Answer 6

deserts

Question 7

religious foundation

Answer 7

polytheistic

Question 8

style of political/government rule

Answer 8

A god for each city and priests that descended from gods

Question 9

notable achievements

Answer 9

pyramids, rosette stone

Question 10

reasons for collapse/end

Answer 10

the hyksos invasion

Question 11

the Nile River had what type of flooding?

Answer 11

Predictable

Question 12

Mummification

Answer 12

• The methods of embalming, or treating the dead body
• used to preserve bodies in a lifelike way
• If the body was destroyed, the spirit could be lost and not make its entrance into the afterlife

Question 13

Cataracts

Answer 13

• where boulders turn the river into churning rapids
• Between the first Cataract and the Mediterranean there are two different regions

Question 14

Hieroglyphics

Answer 14

egyptian form of writing

Question 15

Pharaoh

Answer 15

• god-kings
• It was the pharaoh who caused the sun to rise, the Nile to flood, and the crops to grow. It was the pharaoh’s duty to promote truth and justice

Question 16

“Old Kingdom”

Answer 16

2613-2181 BCE, known as the age of the pyramids

Question 17

King Narmer

Answer 17

• The King that unified Upper and Lower Egypt, turning it into an empire.
• wore a white and red crown bc Upper Egypt had a white crown and lower egypt had a red one

Question 18

Delta

Answer 18

• a broad, marshy, triangular area of land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of the river
• merges into the meditteranean
• Good soil for farming

Question 19

Papyrus

Answer 19

• grown in the fields
• used for paper

Question 20

Theocracy

Answer 20

• The governing of egypt by the power of religion

ex. their kings were gods

Question 21

Nubia

Answer 21

• ancient region in northeastern Africa
• near the First Cataract in Upper Egypt
• known for its rich deposits of gold

Question 22

major crops

Answer 22

• wheat
• barley

Question 23

Osiris

Answer 23

• god of the dead and rebirth
• determined the fate of kings when they died

Question 24

Ra (Re)

Answer 24

• king of the deities and the father of all creation, sun god

Question 25

Isis

Answer 25

• a role model for women, was a principal deity in rites for the dead, and cured the sick
• married to Osiris

Question 26

The Nile River

Answer 26

• Reliable system of transportation between Upper and Lower Egypt
  - Helped unify Egypt’s villages and promote trade
• Flows north

Question 27

Risks of Egyptian Life

Answer 27

• If the Nile had a water level a few feet below normal, the amount of fresh silt and water was largely reduced
  - Thousands starved
• When floodwaters were just a few feet higher than normal, the access water destroyed houses, granaries, and seeds needed for planting
• The deserts on either side of the Nile were natural barres between enemies/invaders (good)
  - Egyptians were forced to live on a very small portion of land and interaction was reduced between others (bad)