Origins of Judaism Flashcards
time period
1800-539 BCE
location
Egypt, Israel, mt. Sinai/Horeb, jerusalem
contributions
- 10 commandments
- Covenants with God
- Old Testament
- Dispersion of jews
dates
- 1800 BC, the descendants of Abraham moved to Canaan, Egypt
- 1650 BCE: Separate Hittite city-states came together to form an empire there
- 1300-1200 BC, the Exodus
- 1020 Isrealited united under 3 kings, Saul, David, and Solomon. The new kingdom they formed was israel
- 962 BC, David was succeeded by his son Solomon, and he built a trading empire with the help of his friend, Hiram.
- 922 BC, the kingdom divided into Israel and Judah
- 738 BCE - both Israel and Judah began paying tribute—peace money paid by a weaker power to a stronger—to Assyria.
- 722 BCE - the whole northern kingdom had fallen to the Assyrians’ ferocious assault.
- 586 BC, Jerusalem captured by teh Babylonians
- 539 BC, King Cyrus Conquered Babylon
Fall of babylon
842 BC. Captured by the Assyrians, which led to the Phoenician homeland to fall under the control of the Babylonians and to the Persian Empire of Cyrus I
First 5 books of the Old Testament
The tura
Abraham
- The first real significant patriarch of the hebrew bible
- He and his people move from the city of Ur
- receives the first covenant
Moses
- A prophet
- freed the Jews from enslavement
- received the 10 commandments
- become the Jewish Laws - Moses dies before entering the “promised land”, but he is able to lead the freed Jews there
- recieved the 2nd covenant from God when going to pray
- Takes jews back to mt. Sinai/Horeb
King Saul
- First king of the united empire
- succeeded in driving out the Philistines
King David
King Saul’s son in law, A warrior, philosopher, and poet, Strengthens and unifies the kingdom, establishes Jerusalem as the capital, makes a dynasty (he’s a son and rule was passed to him), was told not to count a census by God
King Solomon
David’s son, famous for his wisdom, Created the first temple in Jerusalem, raised taxes (that created a division), had 700 wives, let one of them practice her own religion, which he was not supposed to do
What is the first covenant between Yahweh (God) and the Hebrews?
Abraham will take him, and his descendents to the promised land and they have to obey God, so that He will protect them
What is the second covenant between Yahweh (God) and the Hebrews?
God will free the jews from slavery, but first they must accept the 10 commandments
Isaac
- Abraham’s great-grandson
- Jacob’s son
- Sold by his brothers into slavery
- Taken from canaan to egypt
- Able to rise through the ranks
- Becomes the vizier in egypt
- His family come to egypt when there’s a famine
- How the Israelites came to Egypt - Joseph’s family become enslaved for 400 years
