vocab ch 2

Question 1

organelles

Answer 1

one of the small bodies in cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

a membrane bound organelle that controls the activities of the cell.

Question 3

prokaryote

Answer 3

• an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus.

Question 4

eukaryotes

Answer 4

an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaea or bacteria.

Question 5

cell

Answer 5

in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm.

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell.

Question 7

ribosome

Answer 7

cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis.

Question 8

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Answer 8

a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids..

Question 9

golgi complex

Answer 9

cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell.

Question 10

vesicle

Answer 10

a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell.

Question 11

lysosome

Answer 11

a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes.

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live

Question 13

chloroplast

Answer 13

organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosynthesis takes place

Question 14

mitochondrian

Answer 14

• in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by 2 membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration.

Question 15

tissue

Answer 15

a group of similar cells that perform a common function

Question 16

organ

Answer 16

a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

Question 17

organ system

Answer 17

• a group of organs that work together to perform body functions.

Question 18

organism

Answer 18

living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently.

Question 19

function

Answer 19

the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part.

Question 20

structure

Answer 20

the arrangement of parts in an organism

Question 21

cell membrane

Answer 21

a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment.