chapter 3 vocab

Question 1

chromosome

Answer 1

in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made of
DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA

Question 2

homoguolus chromosome

Answer 2

chromosomes that have the same sequence of gene and the same structure.

Question 3

mitosis

Answer 3

in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes.

Question 4

cytokinesis

Answer 4

the division of the cytoplasm of a cell.

Question 5

diffusion

Answer 5

the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower Density.

Question 6

osmosis

Answer 6

the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 7

endocytosis

Answer 7

the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell.

Question 8

active transport

Answer 8

the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy.

Question 9

passive transport

Answer 9

the movement of substances across a cell membrqne without the use of energy by the cell.

Question 10

exocytosis

Answer 10

the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane.

Question 11

cell cycle

Answer 11

the life cycle of a cell.