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Science > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do you know if you have a good hypothesis?

A

If the hypothesis is based on observations

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2
Q

What are the benefits and limitations of a physical model?

A

Benefit: Looks like the thing it models

Limitation: Can not function like a living thing

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3
Q

What are the benefits and limitations of a conceptual model?

A

Benefit: used to compare unfamiliar things with familiar things

Limitation: More abstract; can not be straightforward,./

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4
Q

What are the benefits and limitations of a mathematical model?

A

Benefit: Can easily be used and is simple

Limitation: Have to be careful when creating a complex model

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5
Q

Who discovered cells, and what was he looking at?

A

Robert Hook, looking at cork from trees.

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6
Q

Who was the first person to see single celled organisms, also known as _____?

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek; protus

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7
Q

Name the 6 steps of the cell cycle

A 
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
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8
Q

Vegetative propagation = _____ reproduction

A

Asexual

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9
Q

_____(Female part of flower) _____, _____ and _____

_____(Male part of flower) _____, _____

A

Pistil: Stigma, Style, ovary
Stamen: Anther, filament

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10
Q

Define diffusion

A

The movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration

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11
Q

What is the function of the cuticle on a plant?

A

To prevent water loss

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12
Q

What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?

A

1) The cell is the basic unit of all things
2) Every organism is made of one or more cells
3) All cells come from existing cells

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13
Q

Xylem :
Carries _____ flows _____ comes from the _____
Phloem:

A

Xylem: Water + minerals, Up, Roots

Phloem: Glucose, Down, Leaves

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14
Q

What is the difference between passive and active transport? What is it?

A

Active: Requires ATP
Passive: does not Require ATP
Osmosis

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15
Q

What are the 3 organelles only found in plant cells?

A

vacuole
chloroplast
cell wall

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16
Q

How do large particles get in and out of cells?

A

Exocitosis

Endocytosis

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17
Q

What are the 4 types of breathing?

A

1) Lungs
2) Gills
3) Spiracle
4) Skin

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18
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic system? To return _____ _____ to _____ _____ and destroys things that could ____ you

A

Leaked fluids to blood vessels; harm

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19
Q

what are nucleotides made of?

A

a sugar, phosphate, and a base

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20
Q

Who discovered that the amount of G = the amount of C and the amount of T = the amount of A?

A

Chargaff

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21
Q

What is the function of the nervous system? ____ and transmits info aboutwhat is going on ____ and ____ of your body

A

receives

inside and outside

22
Q

What are the 3 models?

A

Mathematical, Conceptual, Physical

23
Q

What are the main components of a controlled experiment?
2 or more _____ groups
1 _____ group
The factor that changes is the _____

A

Experimental
control
variable

24
Q

The ovule becomes a _____ once fertilized

A

seed

25
Q

an ovary becomes a _____ once fertilized

A

Fruit

26
Q

Name the reactants of cellular respiration

A

oxygen and glucose

27
Q

Do bacterium have a nucleus?

A

No, they are prokaryotic

28
Q

What type of reproduction is artificial insinimation

A

sexual

29
Q

What type of reproduction is hermaphrodism

A

sexual

30
Q

What type of reproduction is budding

A

Asexual

31
Q

Define angiosperm

A

A flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit

32
Q

What type of reproduction is runners

A

asexual

33
Q

Give an organism for regeneration

A

Starfish

34
Q

Give an organism for budding

A

yeast, sponges

35
Q

Give an organism for cuttings

A

ivy

36
Q

Give an organism for conjugation

A

bacteria

37
Q

Give an organism for hermaphrodism

A

frogs, worms

38
Q

What type of reproduction is runners

A

Asexual

39
Q

Give an organism for artificial insemination

A

zoo animals

40
Q

What is the function of the roots?

A

To take in water for photosynthesis

41
Q

What is the function of leaves?

A

To take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide, and to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis

42
Q

What is the function of the stem?

A

To deliver materials to the leaf and roots and store them also.

43
Q

List the 3 steps of pollination

A

1) The pollinator lands on flower A and collects pollen from it
2) The pollinator lands on the stigma of flower B and puts pollen on it
3) The pollen travels down the style and too the ovary to fertilize the ovules

44
Q

What happens to a plant cell during cytokinesis that doesn’t happen to an animal cell?

A

a cell plate forms on the bottom of the plant cell

45
Q

What is the function of the skeletal system?

A

To protect organs and created new blood cells from marrow

46
Q

vWhat is the function of the Endocrine system?

A

To produce hormones that regulate growth, development, and homeostsis

47
Q

What is the main organ of the endocrine system?

A

Pancreas, Pituitary gland

48
Q

What is the function of the Integumentary system?

A

To form a protective covering on the outside of the body

49
Q

What is the material made of amino acids that cause most of the physical differences we see?

A

Proteins

50
Q

What 3 things did Anton Van Leeuwhenhoek discover?

A

1) PRotus
2) Bacteria
3) Human blood cells being flatter than a bird’s

Science (28 decks)

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