Midterm Flashcards
How do you know if you have a good hypothesis?
If the hypothesis is based on observations
What are the benefits and limitations of a physical model?
Benefit: Looks like the thing it models
Limitation: Can not function like a living thing
What are the benefits and limitations of a conceptual model?
Benefit: used to compare unfamiliar things with familiar things
Limitation: More abstract; can not be straightforward,./
What are the benefits and limitations of a mathematical model?
Benefit: Can easily be used and is simple
Limitation: Have to be careful when creating a complex model
Who discovered cells, and what was he looking at?
Robert Hook, looking at cork from trees.
Who was the first person to see single celled organisms, also known as _____?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek; protus
Name the 6 steps of the cell cycle
Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
Vegetative propagation = _____ reproduction
Asexual
_____(Female part of flower) _____, _____ and _____
_____(Male part of flower) _____, _____
Pistil: Stigma, Style, ovary
Stamen: Anther, filament
Define diffusion
The movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration
What is the function of the cuticle on a plant?
To prevent water loss
What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?
1) The cell is the basic unit of all things
2) Every organism is made of one or more cells
3) All cells come from existing cells
Xylem :
Carries _____ flows _____ comes from the _____
Phloem:
Xylem: Water + minerals, Up, Roots
Phloem: Glucose, Down, Leaves
What is the difference between passive and active transport? What is it?
Active: Requires ATP
Passive: does not Require ATP
Osmosis
What are the 3 organelles only found in plant cells?
vacuole
chloroplast
cell wall
How do large particles get in and out of cells?
Exocitosis
Endocytosis
What are the 4 types of breathing?
1) Lungs
2) Gills
3) Spiracle
4) Skin
What is the function of the lymphatic system? To return _____ _____ to _____ _____ and destroys things that could ____ you
Leaked fluids to blood vessels; harm
what are nucleotides made of?
a sugar, phosphate, and a base
Who discovered that the amount of G = the amount of C and the amount of T = the amount of A?
Chargaff
What is the function of the nervous system? ____ and transmits info aboutwhat is going on ____ and ____ of your body
receives
inside and outside
What are the 3 models?
Mathematical, Conceptual, Physical
What are the main components of a controlled experiment?
2 or more _____ groups
1 _____ group
The factor that changes is the _____
Experimental
control
variable
The ovule becomes a _____ once fertilized
seed
an ovary becomes a _____ once fertilized
Fruit
Name the reactants of cellular respiration
oxygen and glucose
Do bacterium have a nucleus?
No, they are prokaryotic
What type of reproduction is artificial insinimation
sexual
What type of reproduction is hermaphrodism
sexual
What type of reproduction is budding
Asexual
Define angiosperm
A flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit
What type of reproduction is runners
asexual
Give an organism for regeneration
Starfish
Give an organism for budding
yeast, sponges
Give an organism for cuttings
ivy
Give an organism for conjugation
bacteria
Give an organism for hermaphrodism
frogs, worms
What type of reproduction is runners
Asexual
Give an organism for artificial insemination
zoo animals
What is the function of the roots?
To take in water for photosynthesis
What is the function of leaves?
To take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide, and to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
What is the function of the stem?
To deliver materials to the leaf and roots and store them also.
List the 3 steps of pollination
1) The pollinator lands on flower A and collects pollen from it
2) The pollinator lands on the stigma of flower B and puts pollen on it
3) The pollen travels down the style and too the ovary to fertilize the ovules
What happens to a plant cell during cytokinesis that doesn’t happen to an animal cell?
a cell plate forms on the bottom of the plant cell
What is the function of the skeletal system?
To protect organs and created new blood cells from marrow
vWhat is the function of the Endocrine system?
To produce hormones that regulate growth, development, and homeostsis
What is the main organ of the endocrine system?
Pancreas, Pituitary gland
What is the function of the Integumentary system?
To form a protective covering on the outside of the body
What is the material made of amino acids that cause most of the physical differences we see?
Proteins
What 3 things did Anton Van Leeuwhenhoek discover?
1) PRotus
2) Bacteria
3) Human blood cells being flatter than a bird’s
