vocab 2 Flashcards
ottomans
“The most successful ghazi was Osman. People in the West called him Othman and named his followers Ottomans. ”
sultan
“overlord” or “one with power.” ”
timur the lame
burned the powerful city of Baghdad in present-day Iraq to the ground. He crushed the Ottoman forces at the Battle of Ankara in 1402. This defeat halted the expansion of their empire.”
mehmed II
takes over Constantinople “achieved the most dramatic feat in Ottoman history.”
suleyman the lawgiver
“He was known in the West, though, as the Magnificent. “was a superb military leader. He conquered the important European city of Belgrade in 1521. The next year, Turkish forces captured the island of Rhodes in the Mediterranean and now dominated the whole easternMediterranean.”
devshirme
“in the Ottoman Empire, the policy of taking boys from conquered Christian peoples to be trained as Muslim soldiers.”
janissaries
“. a member of an elite force of soldiers in the Ottoman Empire.”
shah
“ hereditary monarch of Iran.”
mughals
“one of the nomads who invaded the Indian subcontinent in the 16th century and established a powerful empire there.
babur
“Babur was a brilliant general. In 1526, for example, he led 12,000 troops to victory against an army of 100,000 commanded by a sultan of Delhi.”
got power at 11 inherited kingdom
akbar
“which means “Great.” Akbar certainly lived up to his name, ruling India with wisdom and tolerance from 1556 to 1605.
A Military Conqueror Akbar recognized military power as the root of his strength. In his opinion, a King must always be aggressive so that his neighbors will not try to conquer him. ”
sikhs
“ a member of a nonviolent religious group whose beliefs blend elements of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sufism.”
shah jahan
“Jahangir’s son and successor, ”
taj mahal
“a beautiful tomb in Agra, India, built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.”
bartolomeu dias
“Portuguese captain ventured far down the coast of Africa until he and his crew reached the tip.”
prince henry the navigator
“the son of king. dreams of overseas exploration began in 1415 when he helped conquer the Muslim city of Ceuta in North Africa. There, he had his first glimpse of the dazzling wealth that lay beyond Europe. In Ceuta, the Portuguese invaders found exotic stores filled with pepper, cinnamon, cloves, and other spices. In addition, they encountered large supplies of gold, silver, and jewels. ”
vasco de gama
“began exploring the east African coast. In 1498, he reached the port of Calicut, on the southwestern coast of India. Da Gama and his crew were amazed by the spices, rare silks, and precious gems that filled Calicut’s shops. The Portuguese sailors filled their ships with such spices as pepper and cinnamon and returned to Portugal in 1499.”
treaty of tordesillas
“Portugal complained that the line gave too much to Spain. So it was moved farther west to include parts of modern-day Brazil for the Portuguese. In 1494, Spain and Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, in which they agreed to honor the line. The era of exploration and colonization was about to begin in earnest.
dutch east india company
“a company founded by the Dutch in the early 17th century to establish and direct trade throughout Asia.”
ming dynasty
“a Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644.”
zheng he
“A Chinese Muslim admiral named led all of the seven voyages.”
manchus
“a people, native to Manchuria, who ruled China during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912).”
Qing Dynasty
“China’s last dynasty, which ruled from 1644 to 1912.”
Kangxi
“became emperor in 1661 and ruled for some 60 years. He reduced government expenses and lowered taxes. A scholar and patron of the arts, Kangxi gained the support of intellectuals by offering them government positions.”
daimyo
“a Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai.”
tokugawa shogunate
“ dynasty of shoguns that ruled a unified Japan from 1603 to 1867. ”
haiku
“a Japanese form of poetry, consisting of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables.”
