Chapter 24 vocab words Flashcards
- Peninsulares
“in Spanish colonial society, colonists who were born in Spain.”
- Creoles
“in Spanish colonial society, a colonist who was born in Latin America to Spanish parents. ”
- Mulattos
“persons of mixed European and African ancestry. ”
- Mestizos
“a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.”
- Toussaint L’Ouverture
- Formerly enslaved, was unfamiliar with military and diplomatic matters. Even so, he rose to become a skilled general and diplomat. By 1801, had taken control of the entire island and freed all the enslaved Africans. ”
- “halt the revolution if the French would end slavery”
- Simon Bolivar
“led over 2,000 soldiers on a daring march through the Andes into what is now Colombia. (See the 1830 map.) Coming from this direction, he took the Spanish army in Bogotá completely by surprise and won a decisive victory.
- commander of free Venezuelan army.
- Miguel Hildago
“a priest in the small village of Dolores, took the first step toward independence.
-“issued a call for rebellion against the Spanish. Today, that call is known as the grito de Dolores (the cry of Dolores).
- Saint-Dominique
“ was the first Latin American territory to free itself from European rule. The colony, now known as Haiti, occupied the western third of the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea.
- Conservative
“in the first half of the 19th century, a European—usually a wealthy landowner or noble—who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies of Europe. ”
- Liberal
“in the first half of the 19th century, a European—usually a middle-class business leader or merchant—who wanted to give more political power to elected parliaments.”
- Radical
“ in the first half of the 19th century, a European who favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people.”
- Nationalism
“the belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation—that is, to the people with whom they share a culture and history—rather than to a king or empire.”
- Nation-state
“an independent geopolitical unit of people having a common culture and identity.”
- Louis- Napoleon
“built railroads, encouraged industrialization, and promoted an ambitious program of public works. Gradually, because of policies, unemployment decreased in France, and the country experienced realprosperity.
- Alexander II
- “his reforms would allow Russia to compete with western Europe for world power. ”
- “was a decree freeing the serfs in 1861.”
- Russification
“the process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian Empire. ”
- Count Cavour
“cunning statesman who worked tirelessly to expand Piedmont-Sardinia’s power. Using skillful diplomacy and well chosen alliances he set about gaining control of northern Italy for Sardinia.
- Giuseppe Garibaldi
“his forces crossed to the Italian mainland and marched north. Eventually, agreed to unite the southern areas he had conquered with the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. Cavour arranged for King Victor Emmanuel II to meet Garibaldi in Naples. “The Red One” willingly agreed to step aside and let the Sardinian king rule.
- Captured Sicily
- Junkers
Prussia’s landowning nobility,- “resisted the king’s growing power”
- Otto Von Bismarck
“was a master of what came to be known as realpolitik”
-“declared that he would rule without the consent of parliament and without a legal budget.”
- Realpolitik
“the politics of reality”—the practice of tough power politics without room for idealism.”
- Romanticism
“an early 19th-century movement in art and thought, which focused on emotion and nature rather than reason and society. ”
- Realism
“a 19th-century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be.”
