leaders in reading quiz chapter 26 section 4 Flashcards
“Alexander Graham Bell
was a teacher of deaf students who invented the telephone in his spare time. ”
“Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi
used theoretical discoveries about electromagnetic waves to create the first radio in 1895.” “This device was important because it sent messages (using Morse Code) through the air, without the use of wires.
Thomas Alva Edison
“He held thousands of patents for his inventions in over 30 countries. The United States Patent Office alone issued Edison 1,093 patents. Among his inventions was an electric light bulb, the phonograph, and motion pictures ” “Some scientists and historians, however, believe that Edison’s greatest achievement was his development of the research laboratory. ”
“Wilbur and Orville Wright” (Wright brothers )
“solved the age-old riddle of flight. On December 17, 1903, they flew a gasoline-powered flying machine at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. The longest flight lasted only 59 seconds, but it started the aircraft industry.
“French chemist Louis Pasteur”
“discovered that it was caused by microscopic organisms he called bacteria. He also learned that heat killed bacteria. This led him to develop the process of pasteurization to kill germs in liquids such as milk. ”
“Joseph Lister, a British surgeon
, read about Pasteur’s work. He thought germs might explain why half of surgical patients died of infections. In 1865, he ordered that his surgical wards be kept spotlessly clean.”
“Charles Darwin.
The cause of the controversy was Darwin’s answer to the question that faced biologists: How can we explain the tremendous variety of plants and animals on earth?” “developed a theory that all forms of life, including human beings, evolved from earlier living forms that had existed millions of years ago.” “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”
“Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel
discovered that there is a pattern to the way that certain traits are inherited. Although his work was not widely known until 1900, Mendel’s work began the science of genetics.
“British chemist John Dalton
theorized that all matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Dalton showed that elements contain only one kind of atom, which has a specific weight. Compounds, on the other hand, contain more than one kind of atom.
“Dmitri Mendeleev (MEHN•duh•LAY•uhf), a Russian chemist,
organized a chart on which all the known elements were arranged in order of weight, from lightest to heaviest. “Later, his predictions proved correct. Mendeleev’s chart, the Periodic Table, is still used today.
“Marie and Pierre Curie
“Marie and Pierre Curie, discovered two of the missing elements, which they named radium and polonium” “Marie Curie gave this energy the name radioactivity”
“A British physicist named Ernest Rutherford
suggested that atoms were made up of yet smaller particles. ”
The Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov
“ believed that human actions were often unconscious reactions to experiences and could be changed by training.
“Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud
, also believed that the unconscious mind drives how people think and act. In Freud’s view, unconscious forces such as suppressed memories, desires, and impulses shape behavior.” “ He founded a type of therapy called psychoanalysis to deal with psychological conflicts created by these forces.”
