Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Science - Mila > Vitamins & Minerals > Flashcards

Vitamins & Minerals Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Vitamins

A

regulators of metabolism and involved in antibody synthesis whereby animals acquire immunity to disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

A, D, E, K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

B & C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vitamin A

A
  • found in green leafy forages
  • eye sight
  • beta carotene converted to vitamin A by enzymes in intestinal walls
    *stored in liver (4-6 mole/ 90%)
  • decrease in spermatogenesis and fetal reabsorption
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vitamin D

A
  • provided by sunlight
  • cholecalciferol: animals
  • ergocalciferol: plants
  • enhance intestinal absorption and retention of Ca & P in body
  • rickets & urinary calculi
  • acts as type of hormone
    *very little store in body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vitamin E

A
  • tocopherols
  • intra/intercellular antioxidants
    *free radical scavengers
    *prevents oxidation of lipids
    *associated with selenium
  • protects cells from phagocytosis
  • muscular dystrophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vitamin K

A
  • needed for normal blood clotting
  • clovers produce dicoumarol (prevent blood clot)
  • green leafy plants
  • production by gut bacteria
    THROMBIN, PROTHROMBIN, FIRBRIN, FIBROMINGIN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vitamin B

A
  • fiber digesting bacteria
    *not enough fiber (thiamine)
    *biotin (hair/nails)
  • cyanocobalamin (meat)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vitamin B1

A
  • prevents polioencephalamalacia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Thiamine

A
  • vitamin B1 found in whole grains and starchy roots
    *coenzyme A needed in Krebs Cycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Minerals

A

Micro / Macro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Macro Minerals

A
  • Calcium (bones/muscular contraction)
  • Potassium (body regulation fluid)
  • Phosphorus (bones)
  • Magnesium
    *Sodium
    *Sulfur
    *Chlorine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Micro Minerals

A

*Iron (blood/oxygen)
* Iodine (thyroid)
* maganese
* copper (hair color)
* cobalt
* zinc
* molybdenum (Molly binds copper)
* selenium
* chromium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Salt

A

*sodium and chloride
*mature animals consume 0.25-0.50 oz/day
* free choice
* good way to medicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Calcium & Phosphorus

A
  • development of skeleton
  • Ca metabolic problems (tetanus/ urinary calculi)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Forages are…

A

High in Ca low in P

17
Q

Grains are

A

High in P and low in Ca

18
Q

Magnesium

A

*skeletal maintenance/ enzyme systems

19
Q

Grass Tetany

A
  • lush pastures with fast growing forage
  • low blood mg
  • convulsion, salivation, and mouth frothing
20
Q

Potassium

A

Intracellurar fluids, osmotic pressure
* Low K causes listlessness and stiffness
* grazing animals are rare to have this problem
* most problem seen in feeding areas

21
Q

Sulfur

A

*most needed in wool producing animals
*flame resistant
* disulfide bridges accosted with fiber growth
* Molly + Sulfur bind with copper
*methionine, cysteine, b vitamins thiamine and biotin

22
Q

Sulfur Problems

A
  • problem with high urea feeds (N:S ratio)
  • toxicity problems
  • dietary interaction with MO and Cu
  • Mo and Cu bonding decreases utilization
23
Q

Iodine

A
  • needed for synthesis of thyroid hormones
  • goiter is a sign of deficiency
    (swelling under jaw & iodized salt eliminates problems)
24
Q

Copper

A
  • nervous system, pigmentation of skin
  • sheep need 7-11 ppm
  • goats need 10-25 ppm
  • cattle/swine 15-20 ppm
25
Q

What influences Copper Levels?

A

Sulfur and Molybdeum

26
Q

Iron (FE)

A
  • needed for blood (oxygen carrying capacity)
  • major deficiencies
  • heavy parasite load
  • swine need the most
27
Q

Zinc

A

Repro performance and immune function

28
Q

Selenium

A

*usda regulation
* cardiac/skeltal muscle
* hand in hand with vitamin E
* old cotton fields where arsenic was used

29
Q

What can prevent Calculi?

A
  • ammonium chloride
  • ammonium sulfate
30
Q

Feed Analysis

A
  • digestibility
  • percent crude protein
  • percent fat
  • percent fiber
  • calcium/phosphorus
31
Q

Roughages

A
  • low in energy, high in fiber
  • pasture, hay, silage, straw, and stover
  • needed for bulk in ruminant rations
  • microbial activity
32
Q

Concentrates

A
  • carbs
  • high in energy and low fiber
  • low in protein
  • corn
  • milo
  • oats
  • wheat
33
Q

What are non protein, nitrogen sources?

A

Urea & Biuret
* high concentrate rations

Animal Science - Mila (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions