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Animal Science - Mila > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Volitle Fatty Acid (VFA)

A

Absorbed from rumen wall

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2
Q

What is digestion?

A
  • the breaking down process of food to allow absorption
  • mechanical, chemical, microbial
  • stomach hydrochloric acid
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3
Q

Monogastric

A
  • one stomach
  • humans & swine
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4
Q

Modified Mono-gastric

A
  • single stomach but specialized components that aid in digestion
  • horses & birds
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5
Q

Ruminants

A
  • more than one stomach compartment
  • sheep, cattle, goats, llamas
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6
Q

What is important to ruminants?

A

Nitrogen

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7
Q

Monogastric tract

A
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8
Q

Ruminant Tract

A
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9
Q

What is ph/acidity of rumen?

A

6.8

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10
Q

How many days does it take for a fully functioning rumen?

A

60 days

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11
Q

Cecum

A

Fatty acids

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12
Q

Colic

A

Small intestine is twisted

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13
Q

Founder?

A

Hoof wall rotates due to ph

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14
Q

What is the passage rate of a Monogastric (hours)

A
  • 8-12 hours
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15
Q

Ruminants

A
  • 96-120 hours
  • occurs 6-8 hours a day
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16
Q

What does the mouth do?

A
  • secretes from salivary glands
  • water, mucin, bio carbonate salts
17
Q

Water

A
  • moistens the feed and aids in taste
18
Q

Mucin

A
  • lubrication aid for swallowing
19
Q

Bicarbonate Salts

A
  • act as a buffer to regulate stomach ph
20
Q

What are the mouth differences

A
  • swine (secretion of salivary amylase
  • ruminants (no enzymes are secreted. provides source of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium)
  • cows need grass
21
Q

Deamination Reaction

A
  • cut bond
22
Q

Esophagus

A
  • ingested material moves via muscular contractions known as peristaltic waves
23
Q

Acidosis

A
  • ph drops from 6.8 to 4.8, kills/damages lining escapes
24
Q

Esophagus differences

A
  • horse (only one way peristaltic waves
  • ruminants, two way movements that allow for regurgitation of bolus for chewing of cud (esophageal groove)
25
Q

Renin

A
  • starts digestion
26
Q

Compartments of Ruminant Stomach

A

Reticulum 5%
Rumen 80%
Omasum 7-8%
Abomasum 8-9 %

27
Q

Where is nitrogen collected in urea?

A

Urea

28
Q

Reticulum

A
  • honeycomb
  • not completely separated from rumen
  • walls are lined with mucus membrane containing many intersecting ridges which subdivide the surface
29
Q

Rumen

A
  • large muscular compartment which extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis and nearly fills the left side of the abdominal cavity in the large dairy cow
  • fermentation
  • walls of rumen lined with papillae secrete no enzymes
30
Q

Rumen Functions

A
  • storage
  • soaking
  • physical mixing and breakdown
  • bacterial synthesis of water soluble vitamins
31
Q

Rumen & Microbes

A

Rumen provides bacteria
* warm, moist, dark anaerobic conditions
* ph is 6.8
* substrate

32
Q

Bacteria Provides

A
  • VFA, microbial cp, vitamin K, Vitamins B, combine nitrogen from dietary protein or non protein N source with carbon skeleton
33
Q

VFA’S

A
  • propionate (energy glucose, higher in grain fed animals)
  • acetate (high in grazing)
  • butyrate ( no change)
  • not utilized effectively in swine and horses because of location of synthesis

Animal Science - Mila (31 decks)

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