Vitamins

Question 1

What is the name of vitamin A?

Answer 1

retinoic acid

Question 2

What does vitamin A do?

Answer 2

night vision
CSF production
PTH cofactor

Question 3

What does a deficiency in vitamin A cause?

Answer 3

poor night vision

hypoparathyroidism

Question 4

What is the name of vitamin B1?

Answer 4

thiamine

Question 5

What does vitamin B1 do?

Answer 5

cofactor for dehydrogenases and transketolase

Question 6

What does a deficiency in vitamin B1 cause?

Answer 6

beriberi
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Werncke-Korsakoff syndrome

Question 7

What is the name of vitamin B2?

Answer 7

riboflavin

Question 8

What does vitamin B2 do?

Answer 8

FAD cofactor

Question 9

What does a deficiency in vitamin B2 cause?

Answer 9

angular cheilosis

Question 10

What is a source of vitamin B2?

Answer 10

milk

Question 11

What breaks down vitamin B2?

Answer 11

sunlight

Question 12

What is the name of vitamin B3?

Answer 12

niacin

Question 13

What does vitamin B3 do?

Answer 13

NAD cofactor

Question 14

What does a deficiency in vitamin B3 cause?

Answer 14

Pellagra
diarrhea
dermatitis
dementia
death

Question 15

What disease looks like pellagra?

Answer 15

Hartnup’s

Question 16

What cannot be transported in Hartnup?

Answer 16

tryptophan

Question 17

What is the name of vitamin B4?

Answer 17

lipoic acid

Question 18

What does vitamin B4 do?

Answer 18

glycolysis

Question 19

What does a deficiency in vitamin B4 cause?

Answer 19

no deficiency state

Question 20

What is the name of vitamin B5?

Answer 20

pantothenic acid

Question 21

What does a deficiency in vitamin B5 cause?

Answer 21

no deficiency state

Question 22

What is the name of vitamin B6?

Answer 22

pyridoxine

Question 23

What does vitamin B6 do?

Answer 23

transaminase cofactor

myelin integrity

Question 24

What does a deficiency in vitamin B6 cause?

Answer 24

neuropathy

Question 25

What is the name of vitamin B9?

Answer 25

folate

Question 26

What does vitamin B9 do?

Answer 26

cofactor for HMT and MMM

Question 27

What does deficiency in vitamin B9 cause?

Answer 27

megaloblastic anemia hypersegmented neutrophils neural tube defects

Question 28

What is the name of vitamin B12?

Answer 28

cyanocobalamin

Question 29

What does a deficiency in vitamin B12 cause?

Answer 29

megaloblastic anemia hypersegmented neutrophils neuropathy

Question 30

What does vitamin C do?

Answer 30

collagen synthesis- proline and lysine hydroxylation

Question 31

What does a deficiency in vitamin C cause?

Answer 31

scurvy

Question 32

What does vitamin D do?

Answer 32

mineralization of bones and teeth

Question 33

What does a deficiency in vitamin D cause?

Answer 33

rickets (children) | osteomalacia (adults)

Question 34

What does a deficiency in vitamin E cause?

Answer 34

increased free radical damage

Question 35

What does vitamin K do?

Answer 35

clotting

Question 36

What does a deficiency in vitamin K cause?

Answer 36

loss of gamma-carboxylation | bleeding

Question 37

What does biotin do?

Answer 37

carboxylation

Question 38

What does a deficiency in biotin cause?

Answer 38

loss of carboxylase function

Question 39

What does calcium do?

Answer 39

neuronal function atrial depolarization smooth muscle contractility

Question 40

What does a deficiency in calcium cause?

Answer 40

poor bone and teeth development

Question 41

What does copper do?

Answer 41

collagen synthesis

Question 42

What does a deficiency in copper cause?

Answer 42

Minky Kinky Hair Syndrome

Question 43

What does iron do?

Answer 43

Hb function | electron transport

Question 44

What does a deficiency in iron cause?

Answer 44

anemia

Question 45

What is bronze pigmentation?

Answer 45

Fe deposit in skin

Question 46

What is bronze cirrhosis?

Answer 46

Fe deposit in liver

Question 47

What is bronze diabetes?

Answer 47

Fe deposit in pancreas

Question 48

What is hemosiderosis?

Answer 48

Fe overload in bone marrow

Question 49

What does magnesium do?

Answer 49

PTH and kinase cofactor

Question 50

What does a deficiency in magnesium cause?

Answer 50

loss of kinase function | hypoparathyroidism

Question 51

What does zinc do?

Answer 51

taste buds hair sperm function

Question 52

What does a deficiency in zinc cause?

Answer 52

dysgeusia anosmia poor wound healing

Question 53

What does cromium do?

Answer 53

insulin function

Question 54

What does a deficiency in cromium cause?

Answer 54

diabetes

Question 55

What does molybdenum do?

Answer 55

purine breakdown (xanthine oxidase)

Question 56

What does a deficiency in molybdenum do?

Answer 56

loss of xanthine oxidase function

Question 57

What does manganese do?

Answer 57

glycolysis

Question 58

What does a deficiency in manganese cause?

Answer 58

loss of xanthine oxidase function

Question 59

What does selenium do?

Answer 59

heart function | dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 60

What does a deficiency in selenium cause?

Answer 60

dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 61

What does tin do?

Answer 61

hair

Question 62

What does a deficiency in tin do?

Answer 62

poor hair growth

Question 63

What does a deficiency in fluoride cause?

Answer 63

poor teeth and bone development

Question 64

What is kwashiorkor?

Answer 64

``` malabsorption big bell (ascites) protein deficiency ```

Question 65

What is marasmus?

Answer 65

starvation skinny calorie deficiency