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Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of vitamin A?

A

retinoic acid

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2
Q

What does vitamin A do?

A

night vision
CSF production
PTH cofactor

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3
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin A cause?

A

poor night vision

hypoparathyroidism

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4
Q

What is the name of vitamin B1?

A

thiamine

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5
Q

What does vitamin B1 do?

A

cofactor for dehydrogenases and transketolase

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6
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B1 cause?

A

beriberi
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Werncke-Korsakoff syndrome

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7
Q

What is the name of vitamin B2?

A

riboflavin

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8
Q

What does vitamin B2 do?

A

FAD cofactor

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9
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B2 cause?

A

angular cheilosis

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10
Q

What is a source of vitamin B2?

A

milk

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11
Q

What breaks down vitamin B2?

A

sunlight

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12
Q

What is the name of vitamin B3?

A

niacin

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13
Q

What does vitamin B3 do?

A

NAD cofactor

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14
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B3 cause?

A 
Pellagra
diarrhea
dermatitis
dementia
death
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15
Q

What disease looks like pellagra?

A

Hartnup’s

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16
Q

What cannot be transported in Hartnup?

A

tryptophan

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17
Q

What is the name of vitamin B4?

A

lipoic acid

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18
Q

What does vitamin B4 do?

A

glycolysis

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19
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B4 cause?

A

no deficiency state

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20
Q

What is the name of vitamin B5?

A

pantothenic acid

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21
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B5 cause?

A

no deficiency state

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22
Q

What is the name of vitamin B6?

A

pyridoxine

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23
Q

What does vitamin B6 do?

A

transaminase cofactor

myelin integrity

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24
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B6 cause?

A

neuropathy

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25
Q

What is the name of vitamin B9?

A

folate

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26
Q

What does vitamin B9 do?

A

cofactor for HMT and MMM

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27
Q

What does deficiency in vitamin B9 cause?

A

megaloblastic anemia
hypersegmented neutrophils
neural tube defects

28
Q

What is the name of vitamin B12?

A

cyanocobalamin

29
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin B12 cause?

A

megaloblastic anemia
hypersegmented neutrophils
neuropathy

30
Q

What does vitamin C do?

A

collagen synthesis- proline and lysine hydroxylation

31
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin C cause?

32
Q

What does vitamin D do?

A

mineralization of bones and teeth

33
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin D cause?

A

rickets (children)

osteomalacia (adults)

34
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin E cause?

A

increased free radical damage

35
Q

What does vitamin K do?

36
Q

What does a deficiency in vitamin K cause?

A

loss of gamma-carboxylation

bleeding

37
Q

What does biotin do?

A

carboxylation

38
Q

What does a deficiency in biotin cause?

A

loss of carboxylase function

39
Q

What does calcium do?

A

neuronal function
atrial depolarization
smooth muscle contractility

40
Q

What does a deficiency in calcium cause?

A

poor bone and teeth development

41
Q

What does copper do?

A

collagen synthesis

42
Q

What does a deficiency in copper cause?

A

Minky Kinky Hair Syndrome

43
Q

What does iron do?

A

Hb function

electron transport

44
Q

What does a deficiency in iron cause?

45
Q

What is bronze pigmentation?

A

Fe deposit in skin

46
Q

What is bronze cirrhosis?

A

Fe deposit in liver

47
Q

What is bronze diabetes?

A

Fe deposit in pancreas

48
Q

What is hemosiderosis?

A

Fe overload in bone marrow

49
Q

What does magnesium do?

A

PTH and kinase cofactor

50
Q

What does a deficiency in magnesium cause?

A

loss of kinase function

hypoparathyroidism

51
Q

What does zinc do?

A

taste buds
hair
sperm function

52
Q

What does a deficiency in zinc cause?

A

dysgeusia
anosmia
poor wound healing

53
Q

What does cromium do?

A

insulin function

54
Q

What does a deficiency in cromium cause?

55
Q

What does molybdenum do?

A

purine breakdown (xanthine oxidase)

56
Q

What does a deficiency in molybdenum do?

A

loss of xanthine oxidase function

57
Q

What does manganese do?

A

glycolysis

58
Q

What does a deficiency in manganese cause?

A

loss of xanthine oxidase function

59
Q

What does selenium do?

A

heart function

dilated cardiomyopathy

60
Q

What does a deficiency in selenium cause?

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

61
Q

What does tin do?

62
Q

What does a deficiency in tin do?

A

poor hair growth

63
Q

What does a deficiency in fluoride cause?

A

poor teeth and bone development

64
Q

What is kwashiorkor?

A 
malabsorption
big bell (ascites)
protein deficiency
65
Q

What is marasmus?

A

starvation
skinny
calorie deficiency

PP clues (13 decks)

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