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Assessment and Differentiation > Vital substances > Flashcards

Vital substances Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four pathologies of Qi?

A

Deficiency of qi
Sinking of qi
Stagnation of qi
Rebellious qi

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2
Q

What is deficiency of Qi?

A

Slight shortness of breath, weak voice, spontaneous sweating, poor appetite, loose stools and tiredness.

Empty pulse.

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3
Q

What organs does Qi deficiency manifest in?

A

Lung-Qi deficiency: SOB, weak voice, tiredness
Spleen-Qi deficiency: Poor appetite, loose stools, fatigue
Heart-Qi deficiency: palpitations
Kidney-Qi deficiency: Frequent urination.

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4
Q

Why is Qi deficiency most commonly related to Lung and Spleen Qi deficiency?

A
  1. Because they are more common
  2. Because the Lungs govern Qi, and the Spleen is the source of Qi through its activity of transformation and transportation.
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5
Q

What is Qi sinking?

A

Feeling of bearing down, tiredness, listlessness, mental depression, prolapse of organs.

Empty pulse

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6
Q

What is Qi stasis?

A

Feeling of distension, distending pain that moves from place to place, mental depression, irritability, gloomy feeling, frequent mood swings, frequent sighing

Wiry pulse, tongue body either normal-coloured or slightly red on sides.

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7
Q

What is the characteristic symptom of Qi stagnation?

A

The feeling of distension.

Which can affect the throat, hypochondrium, chest, epigastrium, abdomen and hypogastrium.

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8
Q

What is rebellious qi?

A

Rebellious Qi occurs when Qi flows in the wrong direction.

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9
Q

What are the blood pathology patterns?

A
  1. Deficiency of Blood
  2. Stasis of Blood
  3. Heat in the Blood
  4. Loss of Blood
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10
Q

What is the movement of Qi in the organs?

A 
Spleen-Qi: Upwards 
Stomach-Qi: Downwards 
Lung-Qi: Downwards 
Heart-Qi: Downwards 
Liver-Qi: In all directions and upwards 
Intestines-Qi: Downwards 
Kidney-Qi: Downwards 
Bladder-Qi: Downwards
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11
Q

What is deficiency of Blood?

A

Dull-white-sallow complexion, dizziness, poor memory, numbness, or tingling, blurred vision, insomnia, pale lips, scanty periods or amenorrhoea, depression, slight anxiety.

Pale and slightly dry tongue, choppy or fine pulse.

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12
Q

What organs are involved in making blood?

A

Spleen, Kidneys and Liver.

Therefore, blood deficiency is usually combined with a deficiency of one or more of these organs.

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13
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Liver blood deficiency?

A

Liver blood deficiency: numbness, blurred vision or floaters, dizziness, amenorrhea and scanty periods.

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14
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of heart blood deficiency?

A

Heart blood deficiency: insomnia and light sleeping, anxiety, depression, poor memory and pale complexion

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15
Q

What is blood stasis?

A

Dark complexion, purple lips, pain which is boring, fixed and stabbing in character, abdominal masses that do not move, purple nails, bleeding with dark blood and dark clots, painful periods with dark clots.

Purple tongue.
Wiry, Firm or Choppy pulse.

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16
Q

What is the main distinguishing symptom of stasis of Blood?

A

Pain that is fixed in one place.

17
Q

What is heat in the blood?

A

Feeling of heat, skin diseases with red eruptions, thirst, bleeding, red tongue and rapid pulse.

18
Q

What is blood loss?

A

Epistaxis, haematemesis, haemoptysis, melaena, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia and haematuria.

19
Q

How does loss of blood occur?

A
  1. Because deficient Qi is unable to hold Blood or 2. Because Blood heat pushes blood out of the vessels.
20
Q

What are body fluids pathological patterns?

A
  1. Deficiency of body fluids
  2. Oedema
  3. Phlegm
21
Q

What is deficiency of Body Fluids?

A

Dry skin, mouth, nose, cough, lips and dry tongue.

22
Q

What is oedema?

A

Consists of swelling due to retention of fluids outside the cells.

23
Q

What does oedema arise from?

A

Arises from Yang deficiency of either Spleen, Lungs or kidneys.

24
Q

What is phlegm?

A

o Phlegm: phlegm, phlegm heat, phlegm cold, phlegm fluids, phlegm damp and phlegm can also mix with wind or qi stasis.

25
Q

What is the main cause for formation of phlegm?

A

Spleen deficiency.

If the Spleen fails to transform and transport body fluids, these will accumulate and turn into Phlegm.

Assessment and Differentiation (25 decks)

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