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Assessment and Differentiation > The Lung channel > Flashcards

The Lung channel Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the Lungs?

A 
The Lungs govern qi and respiration 
Open into the nose
Diffusion and descending of qi.
Regulate the water passages
Controls skin and hair.
Controls body mucus
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2
Q

What is the spirit and emotion of the Lungs?

A

The lungs house Po and are affected by sadness, grief and worry.

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3
Q

How does grief effect the Lungs?

A

Grief disturbs the lung functioning and can develop into a cough.

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4
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of the lungs?

A

Pale, small chest, weak voice, sadness or grief, eczema, asthma, cough, shortness of breath, always sick, phlegm.

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5
Q

What are some of the indication of the Lung channel?

A

fever & aversion to cold, nasal congestion, pain of the supraclavicular fossa, chest or shoulders, cold pain along the channel pathway in the arm and sore throat.

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6
Q

What is an external invasion of wind cold signs and symptoms?

A 
Cough 
Aversion to cold 
Slight breathlessness 
Fever
Itchy throat
Blocked or runny nose with clear watery discharge 
Sneezing 
Occipital headache 
Body aches
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7
Q

What is the pulse for external invasion of wind cold?

A

Pulse: Floating tight

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8
Q

What is the tongue presentation for external invasion of wind cold?

A

Tongue: Thin white coat

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9
Q

What is the treatment principle for external invasion of wind cold?

A

Treatment principle:
Release the exterior, expel wind cold.
Support dispersing and descending.

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10
Q

What is an external invasion of wind heat signs and symptoms?

A 
Cough 
Aversion to cold 
Slight breathlessness 
Fever
Sore throat 
Blocked or runny nose with yellow discharge 
Sneezing 
Headache 
Body aches

Slight sweating
Slight thirst
Swollen tonsils

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11
Q

What is the pulse for external invasion of wind heat?

A

Pulse: Floating rapid

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12
Q

What is the tongue presentation for external invasion of wind heat?

A

Tongue: Slightly red on sides or front

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13
Q

What is the treatment principle for external invasion of wind heat?

A

Treatment principle:
Release exterior, expel wind heat.
Support dispersing and descending.

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14
Q

What is an external invasion of wind water signs and symptoms?

A

Cough
Aversion to cold
Slight breathlessness
Fever

Swelling of the eyes and face
Bright shiny complexion
Scanty pale urination

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15
Q

What is the pulse for external invasion of wind water?

A

Pulse: Floating slippery

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16
Q

What is the tongue presentation for external invasion of wind water?

A

Tongue: sticky white coat

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17
Q

What is the treatment principle for external invasion of wind water?

A

Treatment principle:

Release exterior. Expel cold and resolve damp. Open the water passages. Support dispersing and descending.

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18
Q

What do the wind external pathogens have in common in terms of symptoms?

A

Cough
Aversion to cold
Slight breathlessness
Fever

Floating pulse

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19
Q

What patterns of deficiency does not occur in the Lungs?

A

Yang or blood.

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20
Q

What are the Lung deficient organ patterns?

A

Lung Qi deficiency
Lung Yin deficiency
Lung Dryness

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21
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of lung qi deficiency?

A

Slight cough
Weak voice

Weak wei qi
Pale
Spontaneous sweating
Tired
Dislike cold
Short of breath
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22
Q

What is the pulse quality for lung qi deficiency?

A

Weak in the Lung position

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23
Q

What is the tongue quality for Lung qi deficiency?

A

Pale – potential concave in Lung area

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24
Q

What is the treatment principle for lung qi deficiency?

A

Treatment principle:

Tonify Lung Qi

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25
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of lung yin deficiency?

A

Dry cough or with scanty sputum
Weak/hoarse voice

Tickly throat
Thin body chest
Night sweats

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26
Q

What is the pulse quality for lung yin deficiency?

A

Pulse: Thin and rapid in the lung position

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27
Q

What is the tongue quality for Lung yin deficiency?

A

Tongue: dry without coating (or rootless coating)

Transverse cracks or red peeled tongue long term

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28
Q

What is the treatment principle for lung yin deficiency?

A

Treatment principle:

Tonify Lung Yin, Nourish body fluids (and clear empty heat if necessary)

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29
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of lung dryness?

A

Dry cough
Hoarse voice

Dry skin
Dry throat
Dry mouth
Thirst

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30
Q

What is the pulse quality for lung dryness?

A

Pulse: thin in lung position

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31
Q

What is the tongue quality for Lung dryness?

A

Tongue: Dry

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32
Q

What is the treatment principle for lung dryness?

A

Treatment principle:

Moisten the Lungs and nourish body fluids.

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33
Q

What is full heat in the lungs?

A 
Dry hacking cough
Little or no mucus 
Chest tightness and pain
SOB
Feeling of heat
Dry mouth with thirst 
Red face
Flaring nostrils
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34
Q

What is the pulse in full heat?

A

Pulse: flooding and rapid

35
Q

What is the tongue in full heat in the lungs?

A

Tongue: red with a yellow coat

36
Q

What is the treatment principle of full heat in the lungs?

A

Treatment principle:

Clear heat from the Lungs, descend Lung Qi, stop cough.

37
Q

What is full phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Hacking cough
Profuse thick yellow or green mucus that may be hard to expectorate
Chest oppression
SOB

Feeling of heat
Congested throat
Poor appetite / nausea
Cough is often worse in the morning or evening

38
Q

What is the pulse in a full internal phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Pulse slippery and rapid

39
Q

What is the tongue in a full internal phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Red swollen with a sticky yellow coat

40
Q

What is the treatment principle in a full internal phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Treatment principle:

Resolve phlegm and clear heat from the lungs, descend lung qi, stop cough.

41
Q

What is full dry phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Dry cough
Difficult expectoration of scanty sputum
Chest oppression
SOB

Dry throat 
Wheezing 
Dry pasty complexion
Possible foggy head or dizziness 
This is a chronic pattern which often effects the elderly
42
Q

What is the pulse in a full internal dry phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Fine and slippery

43
Q

What is the tongue in a full internal dry phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Swollen with a dry sticky coat or without coating

44
Q

What is the treatment principle in a full internal dry phlegm condition in the lungs?

A

Resolve phlegm, nourish fluids and lung yin, restore descending and dispersing

45
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of damp phlegm in the lungs?

A

Chronic cough with a rattle
Profuse sticky white sputum that is easy to expectorate
SOB
Chest oppression

Phlegm in throat 
Wheezing
Nausea, poor appetite 
Feeling heavy, foggy head
Symptoms worse for laying down
Symptoms worse after eating or in the morning
46
Q

What is the pulse quality in a damp phlegm lung condition?

A

Slippery or soggy

47
Q

What is the tongue quality in a damp phlegm lung condition?

A

Tongue: Swollen with a sticky or greasy white coat.

Possibly pale with teethmarks.

48
Q

What is the treatment principle in a damp phlegm lung condition?

A

Treatment principle:

Resolve damp and phlegm, stop cough, strengthen spleen to dry damp.

49
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of phlegm fluids in the lungs?

A

Cough
White watery foamy sputum
SOB (shortness of breath)
Chest oppression

Vomiting of clear/foamy fluids
Nausea/poor appetite
Feeling heavy and fatigued with a foggy head and possible dizziness.
Symptoms worse for lying down or after eating or drinking.

50
Q

What is the pulse quality in a phlegm fluids lung condition?

A

Fine and slippery or soggy

51
Q

What is the tongue quality in a phlegm fluids lung condition?

A

Tongue: Pale with a thick sticky white coat.

52
Q

What is the treatment principle in a phlegm fluids lung condition?

A

Treatment principle: Resolve phlegm and transform fluids. Tonify spleen, lung and kidney yang.

53
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Liver fire invading the lungs?

A

Cough that is severe and comes in bursts (paroxysmal)
The cough is triggered by stress or emotional upset.
The cough is often distressing to the patient as it is painful and difficult to control.

Patient is irritable, restless, stressed or depressed.
Red face or eyes.
Thirst, bitter taste.
Headaches.
Chest and hypochondriac pain.
Pain at Liver 3
54
Q

What is the pulse quality in a liver fire invading the lungs condition?

A

Wiry and rapid

55
Q

What is the tongue quality in a liver fire invading the lungs condition?

A

Red and dry, possible yellow coat and possibly pointed.

56
Q

What is the treatment principle in a liver fire invading the lungs condition?

A

Treatment principle: Clear liver fire, moisten lungs and transform phlegm.

57
Q

What are the internal full conditions of the Lung?

A 
Full heat
Phlegm heat
Dry Phlegm 
Damp phlegm 
Phlegm fluids
Liver fire invading the lungs
58
Q

What pulses may indicate the lungs?

A

Weak pulse: Lung qi deficiency

Floating pulse: external pathogen. Wei qi fights the pathogen attempting to expel it from the body.

59
Q

Where might you palpate on the body to identify a lung condition?

A

Palpation of LU1 front Mu point, right side of umbilicus palpation represents the lung.

60
Q

What might you ask a patient in relation to a lung condition?

A

If they have a cough, you may ask them about the type of cough, when it occurs, time of day, is it dry or wet? Is their phlegm?

61
Q

What is the most common deficiency pattern of the Lungs?

A

Deficiency of Qi.

62
Q

How does diet influence the Lung function?

A

The excessive consumption of cold and raw foods can generate internal dampness and phlegm, which derives from Spleen dysfunction and is often stored in the Lungs. There would be profuse sputum in the Lungs. Excessive consumption of greasy and dairy foods have the same effect on the Lungs and give rise to phlegm.

63
Q

How does sadness and grief deplete lung qi?

A

Sadness and grief cause deficiency of Lung-Qi which manifests as a weak pulse on both Chi / Front positions.

64
Q

How does worry effect the Lungs?

A

Worry knots qi which affects the Lungs, this manifests as a tight feeling in the chest, slight breathlessness, sighing and a tight lung pulse.

65
Q

What are the possible causes of Lung qi deficiency?

A
  1. Constitution: looking for Lung cracks on the tongue.
  2. Emotional stress: sadness and grief deplete Lung Qi.
  3. Life Habits: induced by prolonged stooping over a desk for long hours, excessive use of the voice.
  4. Exterior pathogenic factors: Exterior attack of wind-cold or wind-heat.
66
Q

What is the pathology of Lung Qi deficiency?

A

The Lungs govern Qi and respiration, when qi is deficient breathing is short.
The Lungs send qi downwards and if the Lung-qi is deficient, qi cannot descend and will cause cough.
The tone and strength of the voice is an expression of strength of gathering qi (Zong Qi) which depends on Lung-Qi and will manifest as a weak voice if Qi is deficient.
Defensive qi warms the skin and the muscles therefore the dislike of cold occurs in this pattern.
Bright-pale complexion reflects deficiency of Yang.
The empty pulse reflects the deficiency of Qi.

67
Q

What are the key symptoms of Lung-Yin deficiency?

A

Dry cough, Weak hoarse voice, dry throat, night sweating

68
Q

What is the pathology of Lung-Yin deficiency?

A

Deficiency of Body fluids and ensuing dryness which manifests as dry cough, dry throat and mouth, tickly throat and hoarse voice.
When yin deficiency is pronounced and long lasting, empty-heat is produced, causes a rapid pulse.
Red tongue without coating is indicative of yin deficiency with Empty-heat.

69
Q

What other deficiency may be the cause of Lung Yin deficiency and vice versa?

A

Kidney-Yin deficiency.

70
Q

What is the pathological precursor of Lung dryness?

A

Stomach Yin deficiency.

71
Q

What other pattern develops from Lung dryness?

A

Lung-Yin deficiency

72
Q

What are the key symptoms of Invasion of Lungs by Wind-cold?

A

Aversion to cold, sneezing, floating pulse.

73
Q

What is the pathology of invasion of the Lungs by Wind-Cold?

A

Exterior wind obstructs the Lungs defensive system and impairs the descending of Lung-Qi, causing cough and.a blocked/runny nose, and the dispersing of Lung-qi causing sneezing.
Exterior wind obstructs circulation of Defensive Qi (Wei Qi), resulting in occipital headache and body aches as Wei Qi does not circulate properly in the space between the skin and the muscles.
Tongue does not change much but there might be a thin white coating indicating cold and thin indicating that then pathogen is at the beginning stage.
Floating pulse.

74
Q

What are the key symptoms of invasion of lungs by wind-water?

A

Sudden swelling of the face, aversion to wind, floating-slippery pulse.

75
Q

What is the pathology of invasion of Lungs by wind-water?

A

Differs from a normal attack of Wind-Cold as it impairs the Lungs function of controlling water-passages, resulting in facial oedema.
Bright shiny complexion and pale urine reflect deficiency of yang.
The sticky tongue coat indicates the presence of dampness. The slippery quality of the pulse indicates dampness.

76
Q

What are the key symptoms of Lung-Heat?

A

Cough, feeling of heat, thirst, red tongue with yellow coating.

77
Q

What is the pathology of Lung-Heat?

A

Heat in the Lungs impairs the descending of Lung-Qi, it causes cough and breathlessness.
General symptoms of heat such as thirst, red face and feeling of heat. Obstruction of the chest by heat causes ache in the chest.
Flaring of nostrils is caused by Lung-Heat as Lungs open to the nose.

78
Q

What are the key symptoms of Damp-Phlegm in the lungs?

A

Chronic cough with profuse white sputum.

79
Q

What is the pathology of Damp-Phlegm?

A

The presence of Phlegm is indicated by the profuse sputum and feeling of oppression in the chest.
Phlegm obstructs the Lungs and impairs the descending of Lung-Qi, hence the cough and shortness of breath.
Inability to lie down is the obstruction of the upper by phlegm.
White complexion reflects deficiency of Yang.
Swelling of the tongue indicates phlegm and stickiness indicates dampness.

80
Q

What are the key symptoms of cold-phlegm?

A

Cough with white watery sputum, phlegm in throat, swollen tongue with sticky white coating.

81
Q

What are the key symptoms of Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs?

A

Cough, yellow or green sputum, thick sticky yellow coating, rapid-slippery pulse.

82
Q

What are the key symptoms of Dry-phlegm in the lungs?

A

Dry cough with occasional expectoration of scanty sputum, a feeling of oppression in the chest.

83
Q

What are the key symptoms of Phlegm-fluids obstructing the Lungs?

A

Cough with white, watery, frothy sputum.

84
Q

What are the symptoms along the main channel for the Lungs?

A

Fever, aversion to cold, a feeling of oppression in the chest, pain in the clavicle, shoulder and arms.

Assessment and Differentiation (25 decks)

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