Six Divisions Flashcards
What is the Shang Han Lu?
o Shang Han Lu = discourse on cold damage, written in 200-210 AD
o Uses 6 division theory as the basis for diagnosis and for treatment
o Explains the course of disease progression and associated symptoms
o Identifies the level of disease and therefore approach to treatment
What are the 6 divisions?
Tai Yang
Shao Yang
Yang Ming
Tai Yin
Shao Yin
Jue Yin
What is Tai Yang?
Bladder and Small Intestine
Invasion of Wind Cold
Disharmony of Ying and Wei
Obstruction of defensive Yang Qi by Cold.
What is the greater yang stage?
Exterior wind is still on the exterior of the body and the internal organs are not affected.
What are the three essential symptoms of Greater Yang (Tai Yang)?
- Aversion to Cold
- Headache and stiff neck
- Floating pulse
What are the channel patterns in Tai Yang?
Invasion of Wind-Cold with a prevalence of Wind (attack of Wind)
Invasion of Wind-Cold with a prevalence of Cold (Attack of Cold)
What is attack of Wind-Cold with a prevalence of Wind?
Slight aversion to cold, aversion to wind, slight fever, slight sweating, headache, stiff neck, sneezing.
P: Floating-Slow pulse.
What is the treatment principle of Invasion of Wind-Cold with a prevalence of Wind?
Release the exterior, expel wind and cold, restore the diffusing of Lung-Qi. Harmonise nutritive and defensive Qi.
What is invasion of Wind-Cold with a prevalence of Cold?
Aversion to cold Slight fever No sweating Headache Stiff neck Sneezing Runny nose with white discharge Breathlessness
P: Floating tight pulse
Why is there a lack of sweating in attack of cold?
It reflects a more full condition than in attack of Wind. Cold contracts the pores and prevents sweating.
What is the treatment principle in Attack of Cold?
Release the exterior, expel Wind and Cold, restore the diffusing and descending of Lung-Qi.
What are the Organ patterns in Tai Yang stage?
Accumulation of Water
Accumulation of Blood
The pathogenic factor has entered the interior.
What are the S/S of accumulation of water?
Aversion to cold Fever Retention of Urine Slight thirst Vomiting of fluids soon after drinking Floating-Rapid pulse
What is the pathology of accumulation of water?
The pathogenic factor is in the Bladder organ while there are still symptoms of Wind.
The Bladder’s function of Qi transformation is impaired.
What is the treatment principle of accumulation of water?
TP: release the exterior, promote the Bladder’s function of Qi transformation, promote the excretion of fluids.
What are the S/S of accumulation of Blood?
Hypogastric distention, fullness and urgency, blood in urine, mental restlessness.
T: Reddish-purple tongue without coating.
P: Deep-fine-rapid or Deep-Choppy.
What is the pathology of accumulation of Blood?
Accumulation of heat and stasis in the Lower burner and Bladder organ.
What is the pathology of accumulation of Blood?
Accumulation of heat and stasis in the Lower burner and Bladder organ.
What is the pathology of accumulation of Blood?
Accumulation of heat and stasis in the Lower burner and Bladder organ.
What is the treatment principle of accumulation of blood?
Invigorate Blood, eliminate stasis from the Lower Burner, clear heat from the Bladder.
What is the Yang Ming stage?
Stomach and Large Intestine
Tai Yang pathogen moves to Yang Ming.
What are the S/S of Bright Yang?
High fever, profuse sweating, intense thirst, red face, feeling of heat, irritability, delirium. Red tongue with yellow coating. Overflowing-Rapid or Big-rapid pulse.
What is the pathology of Bright Yang?
The pathogenic factor has moved into the interior and transformed into heat.
This pattern can develop from Tai Yang and Shao Yang stage.
What is the Yang Ming stage characterised by?
The four bigs.
Big thirst, Big sweating, Big fever and Big pulse.
What is the treatment principle of Yang Ming?
Clear stomach-heat
What is the Yang Ming organ pattern?
High fever that is worse in the afternoon, profuse sweating, sweating on limbs, abdominal fullness and pain, constipation, dry stools, thirst, dark urine, red tongue with thick dry yellow coating, deep-full-slippery rapid pulse.
What is the treatment principle of Yang Ming organ pattern?
Drain fire from the stomach and intestines, move downward.
What is the Shao Yang stage?
Gall Bladder and Triple Energiser?
What are the signs and symptoms of Shao Yang?
Alternation of shivers and fever. Bitter taste. Dry throat. Blurred vision. Hypochondrial fullness and distention No desire to eat or drink Irritability Nausea Vomiting Unilateral thin white coating Wiry-Fine pulse
What is the pathology of Shao Yang?
The pathogenic factor moves between Greater Yang and Bright Yang, the patient has aversion to cold when it goes towards greater yang and hot or fever when it goes towards Bright Yang.
What is the treatment principle in Shao Yang?
Harmonize the lesser Yang.
What are the S/S of Tai Yin stage?
Abdominal fullness, feeling cold, vomiting, no appetite, diarrhoea, no thirst, tiredness. Pale tongue with sticky white coating. Deep weak slow pulse.
What is Tai Yin stage?
Spleen and Lung channel
What is the pathology of Tai Yin stage?
Spleen-Yang deficiency with cold.
What is the treatment principle in Tai Yin?
Tonify Spleen-Yang, expel cold.
What is the Shao Yin stage?
Kidney and Heart
The lesser yin stage has two patterns: Cold transformation and heat transformation.
- Deficiency of Kidney Yang with Empty cold
- Kidney Yin with empty heat
What are the signs and symptoms of Cold transformation of Shao Yin stage?
Chills, feeling cold, lying with body curled, listlessness, desire to sleep, cold limbs, diarrhoea, no thirst, frequent pale urination. Pale and wet tongue with white coating. Deep-weak-slow pulse.
What is the treatment principle of cold transformation?
Tonify kidney yang and expel cold.
What are the S/S of heat transformation in Shao Yin?
Feeling of heat, irritability, insomnia, dry mouth and throat at night, dark urine, night sweating, red tongue without coating. Fine-Rapid pulse.
What is the treatment principle in heat transformation?
Nourish Kidney-Yin, clear empty heat.
What is the Jue Yin (terminal yin) stage?
Pericardium and Liver.
This pattern is characterised by heat above and cold below.
What are the S/S of Jue Yin stage?
Persistent thirst, feeling of energy rising to the chest, pain and heat sensation in heart region, hungry but no desire to eat, cold limbs, diarrhoea, vomiting, vomiting of roundworms.
What is the treatment principle of Jue Yin?
Clear heat above, expel cold below, harmonise the Liver channel.
