Vital Signs CNST ch 5 & FN ch 29 Jen

Question 0

Antipyretic

Answer 0

Fever reducer

Question 1

Define auscultation

Answer 1

Listening

Question 2

Ambulate

Answer 2

Move

Question 3

Dysthymia

Answer 3

Abnormality in heart (or brain) rhythm

Question 4

Normotensive

Answer 4

Normal BP

Question 5

Hypertension

Answer 5

High BP

Question 6

Pyrexia

Answer 6

Fever

Question 7

Tachypnea

Answer 7

Rapid respiration

Question 8

Otitis media

Answer 8

Inflammation of ear

Question 9

Cerumen impaction

Answer 9

Earwax blockage of external ear canal

Question 10

Neutropenia

Answer 10

Presence of abnormally few neutrophils in blood - leads to increased susceptibility of infection. (Can be a side affect of some cancer treatments.)

Question 11

Diaphoresis

Answer 11

Sweating; esp. to an unusual degree as a symptom of disease or a side affect of a drug

Question 12

Intubated

Answer 12

Insert tube into person/body part (esp. trachea for ventilation)

Question 13

Turgor

Answer 13

Rigidity of cells (or tissues) typically due to absorption of fluid

Question 14

Bradycardia

Answer 14

Slow heart rate

Question 15

Contra(-)indicates

Answer 15

Condition or circumstance suggests/indicates that a particular drug should not be used in the case in question

Question 16

Perfusion

Answer 16

Pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (esp. by way of blood vessels)

Question 17

Vital signs (6)

Answer 17

(basis for clinical decision making and problem solving)
• temp, pulse rate, resp rate, B
and Sa O2 & pain

Question 18

Acceptable temp range

Answer 18

36C to 38C or 98.6F to 100.4f

Question 19

Temp sites (preferred vs not preferred)

Answer 19

Preferred: oral, axillary, tympanic mem., temporal artery

Not so much: rectal, esophageal, pulmonary artery

Question 20

Factors affecting body temp

Answer 20

Age, excercise, hormone levels, circadian rhythms, environment, temperature alterations

Question 21

Febrile vs Afebrile

Answer 21

Fever/no fever

Question 22

FUO

Answer 22

“Fever of Unknown Origin”

Question 23

Heatstroke temp

Answer 23

Above 40C or 104F

Question 24

Heat exhaustion cause

Answer 24

Water and electrolyte loss

Question 25

Patterns of fever

Answer 25

* sustained: above 38*C (100.4*F) w/ little fluctuation * intermittent: spikes interspersed w/ normal levels * remittent: spikes and falls w/o returning to normal * relapsing: long periods of febrile episodes and long periods of Afebrile episodes

Question 26

Nursing process

Answer 26

1. Assess 2. Planning 3. Implementing 4. Evaluation

Question 27

Pulse sites

Answer 27

Temporal, carotid, apical, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis

Question 28

Normal pulse rates

Answer 28

60 to 100 BPM

Question 29

Ventilation

Answer 29

Movement of gases in and out of lungs

Question 30

Diffusion

Answer 30

Movement of O2 and CO2 between alveoli and RBC's

Question 31

Perfusion in resporation

Answer 31

Distribution of RBC's to and from pulmonary capillaries

Question 32

Hypoxemia

Answer 32

Low blood level of O2 | •helps to control ventilation in patients w/ chronic lung disease.

Question 33

Eupnea

Answer 33

Normal respiration

Question 34

Normal range for respiration

Answer 34

12-20 breaths/min.

Question 35

Bradypnea

Answer 35

Slow respiration

Question 36

Hyperpnea

Answer 36

Respiration labored, increased depth, increased rate (normally during excercise)

Question 37

Apnea

Answer 37

Respiration ceases for periods of time - can lead to respiration arrest

Question 38

Hyperventilation vs hypoventilatio

Answer 38

Rate and depth of respiration up vs down

Question 39

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Answer 39

Irregular w- periods of apnea and hyperventilation (usually before death)

Question 40

Kussmaul's respiration

Answer 40

Respiration abnormally deep, increased rate

Question 41

Biot's respiration

Answer 41

Abnormally shallow for three breaths

Question 42

SaO2 and normal range

Answer 42

Oxygen saturation 95-100%

Question 43

Normal BP

Answer 43

120/80 (pulse pressure = sys. - Dias.)

Question 44

Factors affecting arterial BP

Answer 44

- cardiac output - peripheral resistance - blood volume - viscosity - elasticity

Question 45

Factors which influence overall BP

Answer 45

- age - stress - ethnicity - gender - daily variations - meds - activity/weight - smoking

Question 46

Conditions not appropriate for electronic BP measurement

Answer 46

- Irregular heart rate - peripheral vascular obstruction (eg clots, narrowed vessels) - shivering - seizures - excessive tremors - inability to cooperate - Systolic less than 90 mm Hg

Question 47

Dyspnea

Answer 47

Difficult or labored breathing

Question 48

Orthopnea

Answer 48

Form of dyspnea - person can breathe comfortably only when standing or sitting erect (associated w/ asthma, emphysema, angina pectoris)

Question 49

Strength of pulse levels

Answer 49

``` 4+ bounding 3+ full, increased, strong 2+ expected 1+ barely palpable, diminished 0 absent, not palpable ```

Question 50

EHR

Answer 50

Electronic Health Record

Question 51

Cyanosis

Answer 51

Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes; a sign that O2 in the blood is dangerously diminished (as in CO poisoning)

Question 52

Fahrenheit to Celsius

Answer 52

F=(9/5XC)+32

Question 53

``` Acceptable ranges of heart rate: •infant •toddler •preschooler •school age child •adolescent •adult ```

Answer 53

* infant 120-160 * toddler 90-140 * preschooler 80-110 * School age child 75-100 * adolescent 60-90 * Adult 60-100

Question 54

``` Ranges of respiratory rate Newborn Infant Toddler Child Adolescent Adult ```

Answer 54

``` Newborn 35-40 Infant 30-50 Toddler 25-32 Child 20-30 Adolescent 16-20 Adult 12-20 ```

Question 55

Optimal blood pressure for age

Answer 55

``` Newborn 40 1 mo 85/54 1 yr 95/65 6 yr 105/65 10-13 yrs 110/65 14-17 yr ls 119/75 18 and up <120/<80 ```

Question 56

Antihypertensive meds

Answer 56

Diuretics, beta-adrenergic blockers, vasodialators, Ca channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Question 57

Orthostatic hypotension or postural hypotension

Answer 57

Normotensive person develops symptoms and low BP when getting into upright position.

Question 58

Korotkoff sound for diastolic in infants and children vs adolescents and adults

Answer 58

Infants and children - 4th sound mark | Adolescents and adults - 5th sound mark