VISUAL DICTIONARY XVI Flashcards
What is a branch of mathematics that deals with the properties, measurement, and relationships of points, lines, angles, and solids deduced from their defining conditions by means of certain assumed properties of space?
GEOMETRY
What is a dimensionless geometric element that has no property but location, such as the intersection of two lines?
POINT
What is the axis along which ordinates or y-values are measured in a Cartesian coordinate system?
Y-AXIS
AXIS OF ORDINATES
What is a coordinate determined by measuring parallel to the z-axis?
Z-COORDINATE
What is the axis along which values of z are measured in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system?
Z-AXIS
What is the axis along which abscissas or x-values are measured in a Cartesian coordinate system?
X-AXIS
AXIS OF ABSCISSAS
What is a coordinate determined by measuring parallel to the x-axis?
ABSCISSA
X-COORDINATE
what is any set of numbers that serve to specify the location of a point on a line, surface, or in space by reference to a fixed figure or system of lines?
COORDINATE
What is any of the coordinates for locating a point on a plane by its distance from each of two intersecting lines, or in space by its distance from each of three planes intersecting at a point?
CARTESIAN COORDINATE
What is a coordinate determined by measuring parallel to the y-axis?
ORDINATE
Y-COORDINATE
What is a straight line segment that joins a variable point to the fixed origin of a polar coordinate system?
RADIUS VECTOR
What is the angle formed by the polar axis and a radius vector in a polar coordinate system?
POLAR ANGLE
What is the reference axis from which the polar angle is measured in a polar coordinate system?
POLAR AXIS
what is a system for locating a point on a plane by its radius vector and polar angle?
POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
What is a Cartesian coordinate system in which the axes or coordinate planes are perpendicular?
RECTANGULAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
What is a geometric element generated by a moving point and having extension without breadth or thickness?
LINE
What is the space between two lines diverging from a common point, or within two planes diverging from a common line, the figure so formed?
ANGLE
What is the point at which the sides of an angle intersect?
VERTEX
What is an angle of 90° formed by the perpendicular intersection of two straight lines?
RIGHT ANGLE
What is an angle less than 90°?
ACUTE ANGLE
what is an angle greater than 90° but less than 180°?
OBTUSE ANGLE
what is the amount of rotation needed to bring one line or plane into coincidence with another, measured in radians or in degrees, minutes, and seconds?
ANGLE
What is a unit of angular measure equal to the central angle subtending an arc equal in length to the radius?
RADIAN
what is a unit of angular measure, equal to 1/360th of a complete angle or turn, or of the circumference of a circle?
DEGREE
What is the both part of a degree of angular measure?
MINUTE
What is the 60th part of a minute of angular measure?
SECOND
What is the extent or distance upward from a given level to a fixed point?
HEIGHT
What is the line or surface forming the part of a geometric figure that is most nearly horizontal or on which it is supposed to stand, from which an altitude can be constructed?
BASE
What is the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to the opposite vertex, parallel side, or parallel surface?
ALTITUDE
What do you call the branch of geometry that deals with plane figures?
PLANE GEOMETRY
What do you call a surface generated by a straight line moving at a constant velocity with respect to a fixed point, such that a straight line joining any two of its points lies wholly in the surface?
PLANE
What do you call a combination of geometric elements disposed in a particular form or shape?
FIGURE
What is a close plane figure having three or more straight sides?
POLYGON
What do you call a polygon having four sides and four angles?
QUADRILATERAL
What do you call a polygon having three sides and three angles?
TRIANGLE
What do you call reentering or pointing inward, such as an interior angle of a polygon that is greater than 180°?
REENTRANT
What is an outward projecting angle or part?
SALIENT
What is the angle formed between any side of a polygon and an extended adjacent side?
EXTERIOR ANGLE
What is the angle formed inside a polygon between any two adjacent sides?
INTERIOR ANGLE
What is a triangle having two sides of equal length?
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE
What is a triangle having three unequal sides?
SCALENE
Refers to forming, formed by, or characterized by straight lines
RECTILINEAR
Refers to having edges, surfaces, or faces that meet at right angles?
RECTANGULAR
What is an oblique line or surface as one formed by cutting off the corner of a square or cube?
CANT
What is the branch of mathematics that deals with the properties of triangles and trigonometric functions and of their applications?
TRIGONOMETRY
What is a function of an angle, as sine or cosine, expressed as the ratio of the sides of a right triangle?
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side opposite a given angle to the hypotenuse?
SINE
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side adjacent to a given angle to the hypotenuse?
COSINE
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side opposite a given angle to the side adjacent to the angle?
TANGENT
What is the trigonometric function defined as ratio of the hypotenuse to the side adjacent to a given angle?
SECANT
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the hypotenuse to the side opposite a given angle?
COSECANT
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side adjacent to a given angle to the side opposite the angle?
COTANGENT
What is a triangle having a right angle?
RIGHT TRIANGLE
What is the side of a right triangle that is opposite the right angle?
HYPOTENUSE
What is the theorem that states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides?
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM
What is a quadrilateral having both pairs of opposite sides parallel to each other?
PARALLELOGRAM
What is a quadrilateral having only two sides parallel?
TRAPEZOID
What is a quadrilateral having no two sides parallel?
TRAPEZIUM
What is a perpendicular from the center of a regular polygon to one of its size?
APOTHEM
What is a close plane curve every point of which is equidistant from a fixed point within the curve?
CIRCLE
What is any part of the circumference of a circle?
ARC
What is a straight line extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bonding surface?
RADIUS
What is a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle?
SECTOR
What is a straight line extending through the center of a circle or sphere and meeting the circumference or bounding surface at each end?
DIAMETER
What is the point within a circle or sphere equally distant from all points of the circumference or surface or the point within a regular polygon equally distant from the vertices?
CENTER
Refers to not having the same center or center line
ECCENTRIC
Denoting circles, arcs, or spheres having a common center?
CONCENTRIC
What is an arc of 90°, or any of the four quarters into which a plane figure is divided by two perpendicular lines, numbered counterclockwise from the upper right?
QUADRANT
What is the boundary line of a closed curvilinear figure especially the perimeter of a circle?
CIRCUMFERENCE
What is the symbol denoting the ratio between the circumference of a circle and its diameter, a constant equal to 3.14159?
PI (π)
What is a close plane curve generated by a point moving in such a way that the sum of its distances from two fixed points, the foci, is a constant?
ELLIPSE
What is the access passing through the two full side of an ellipse?
MAJOR AXIS
What is the axis of an ellipse that is perpendicular to the major axis at the point equidistant from the foci?
MINOR AXIS
What is a plane curve generated by a point so moving that it remains equidistant from a fixed line and a fixed point not on the line?
PARABOLA
What is a plane curve generated by a point so moving that the difference of the distances from two fixed points in the plane remains constant?
HYPERBOLA
What is a straight line limiting a curve such that the perpendicular distance from the curve to the line approaches zero as the curve is extended to infinity?
ASYMPTOTE
What is the straight line segment between two points on a given curve?
CHORD
What is a continuously bending line without angles?
CURVE
What is a continuously bending line without angles?
CURVE
What is curved inward like the interior of a circular arc or hollow sphere?
CONCAVE
What is a change of curvature from convex to concave or vice versa?
INFLECTION
What is curved or rounded outward like the exterior of a circle or sphere?
CONVEX
What is a point where two branches of curve meet, end, and are tangent
CUSP
Reference to touching at a single point, such as a straight line in relation to a curve, or in contact along a single line, such as a plane with a cylinder
TANGENT
What is a three-dimensional curve traced on a cylinder or cone by the rotation of a point crossing its right sections at a constant oblique angle?
HELIX
What is a curve generated by a point on the circumference of a circle as it rolls along a straight line?
CYCLOID
what is a branch of geometry that deals with solid figures and three-dimensional space?
SOLID GEOMETRY
What is a solid generated by the revolution of a semicircle about its diameter, whose surface is at all points equidistant from the center?
SPHERE
What is a solid bounded by two parallel planes and a surface generated by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and intersecting a closed plane curve in one of the planes?
CYLINDER
What is a cylinder generated by a rectangle about one of its sides?
RIGHT CIRCULAR CYLINDER
What is a solid whose surface is generated by a straight line, the generator, passing through a fixed point, the vertex, and moving along the intersection with a closed plane curve, the directrix?
CONE
What is a come generated by rotating a right triangle about one of its legs?
RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE
What do you call a geometric figure having the three dimensions of length, breadth, and thickness?
SOLID / BODY
What do you call the extent of a three-dimensional object or the amount of space that it occupies, measured in cubic units?
VOLUME
What do you call any figure having only two dimensions, such as a plane or curved two-dimensional locus of points defining the boundary of a solid?
SURFACE
What is an element that generates a geometric figure, esp. a straight line that generates a surface by moving in a specified fashion?
GENERATOR / GENERATRIX
What is a fixed line used in the description of a curve or surface?
DIRECTRIX
What is the point within a regular polygon equally distant from the vertices?
CENTER
What is a line at which a surface terminates or at which two surfaces of a solid meet?
EDGE
What is a point in a geometric solid common to three or more sides?
VERTEX
What is a solid geometric figure bounded by plane faces?
POLYHEDRON
What is a polyhedron having a polygonal base and triangular faces meeting at a common point or vertex?
PYRAMID
What is a regular polyhedron bounded by four plane faces?
TETRAHEDRON
What is a solid bounded by six equal square sides, the angle between any two adjacent faces being a right angle?
CUBE
What is a regular polyhedron having six faces?
HEXAHEDRON
What is a polyhedron having ends that are parallel, congruent polygons and sides that are parallelograms?
PRISM
what is a regular polyhedron having 8 faces?
OCTAHEDRON
What is a regular polyhedron having 12 faces?
DODECAHEDRON
What is a regular polyhedron having 20 faces?
ICOSAHEDRON
Refers to the 5 regular polyhedrons: tetrahedron, hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron, or icosahedron
PLATONIC SOLID
what are the 5 platonic solids?
TETRAHEDRON
HEXAHEDRON
OCTAHEDRON
DODECAHEDRON
ICOSAHEDRON
What is a hard, brittle, usually transparent or translucent substance, produced by fusing silica together with a flux and a stabilizer into a mass that cools to a rigid condition without crystallization?
GLASS
What is an old form of window glass formed by blowing and whirling a hollow sphere of glass into a flat, circular disk with a center lump left by the worker’s rod?
CROWN GLASS
What is a flat, soda-lime-silica glass fabricated by drawing the molten glass from a furnace, or by forming a cylinder, dividing it lengthwise, and flattening it?
SHEET GLASS
What is a glass fabricated by drawing glass from a furnace?
DRAWN GLASS
What glass is fabricated by forming a cylinder, dividing it lengthwise, and flattening it?
CYLINDER GLASS
What is a flat, soda-lime-silica glass formed by rolling molten glass into a plate that is subsequently ground and polished after cooling?
PLATE GLASS
what is a flat, soda-lime-silica glass that is extremely smooth and nearly distortion-free, manufactured by pouring molten glass onto a surface of molten tin and allowing it to cool slowly?
FLOAT GLASS
What is annealed glass that is partially tempered by a process of reheating and sudden cooling?
HEAT-STRENGTHENED GLASS
What is annealed glass that is reheated to just below the softening point and then rapidly cooled to induce compressive stresses in the surfaces and edges of the glass and tensile in the interior?
TEMPERED GLASS
What is two or more plies of flat glass bonded under heat and pressure to interlays of polyvinyl butyral resin that retains the fragments if the glass is broken?
LAMINATED GLASS
What is a laminated glass having exceptional tensile and impact strength, consisting of multiple plies of glass bonded under heat and pressure to interlays of polyvinyl butyral resin?
SECURITY GLASS
What is laminated or insulating glass used for sound control?
ACOUSTICAL GLASS
What is a glass unit consisting of two or more sheets of glass separated by hermetically-sealed airspaces?
INSULATING GLASS
What is a glass having a chemical admixture to absorb a portion of the radiant heat and visible light that strike it?
TINTED GLASS / HEAT-ABSORBING GLASS
What is a glass having a thin, translucent metallic coating bonded to the exterior or interior surface to reflect a portion of the light and radiant heat that strike it?
REFLECTIVE GLASS
What is a glass that transmit visible light while selectively reflecting the longer wavelengths of radiant heat, produced by depositing a low-emissivity coating either on the glass itself or over a transparent plastic film suspended in the sealed air space of insulating glass?
LOW-EMISSIVITY (LOW-E) GLASS
What do you call the relative ability of a surface to emit radiant heat, measured against a black body at the same temperature?
EMISSIVITY
What is a flat or patterned glass having a square or diamond wire mesh embedded within it to prevent shattering in the event of breakage or excessive heat?
WIRE GLASS
What is a glass having an irregular surface pattern formed in the rolling process to obscure vision or to diffuse light?
PATTERNED GLASS / FIGURED GLASS
what is a glass having one or both sides acid-etched or sandblasted to obscure vision?
OBSCURE GLASS
What is an opaque glass for concealing the structural elements in curtain wall construction. produced by fusing a ceramic frit to the interior surface of tempered or heat-strengthened glass?
SPANDREL GLASS
What is a translucent, hollow block of glass with clear, textured, or patterned faces, made by fusing two halves together with a partial vacuum inside and used for glazing openings?
GLASS BLOCK
What is a solid, impact-resistant glass block unit, sometimes having an insert or coated to reduce solar heat transmission?
GLASS BRICK
What is the setting of a glass pane in a rabbeted frame, holding it in place with glazier’s points, and sealing it with a beveled bead of putty or glazing compound?
FACE GLAZING
What is the putty or glazing compound formed on the exterior side of a glass pane?
FACE PUTTY
What do you call the panes or sheet of glass or other transparent material made to be set in frames, as in windows, doors, or mirrors?
GLAZING
What is the setting of glass in a window frame with glazing tape or liquid sealant?
WET GLAZING
What is a performed ribbon of synthetic rubber having adhesive properties and used in glazing to form a watertight seal between glass and frame?
GLAZING TAPE
What is an adhesive liquid of synthetic rubber injected into the joint between a glass pane and a window frame, curing to form a watertight seal?
CAP SEALANT
CAP BEAD
What is a wood molding or metal section secured against the edge of a glass pane to hold it in place?
GLAZING BEAD
GLAZING STOP
What is an adhesive liquid of synthetic rubber injected between a glass pane and a glazing bead, curing to form an airtight seal?
HEEL BEAD
what is a thin layer of putty or glazing compound laid in the rabbet of a window sash to give a pane of glass an even backing?
BEDDING
What is a small, pointed piece of sheet metal for holding a glass pane in a wood sash until the face putty has hardened?
GLAZIER’S POINT
GLAZING BRAD
SPRIG
What is a compound of whiting and linseed oil, of doughlike consistency when fresh, used in securing windowpanes or patching woodwork effects?
PUTTY
What is an adhesive compound used as putty, formulated so as not to become brittle with age?
GLAZING COMPOUND
What is one of the small blocks of synthetic rubber placed between the side edges of a glass pane and a frame to center it, maintain a uniform width of sealant, and limit lateral movement caused by building vibrations or thermal expansion or contraction?
EDGE BLOCK
CENTERING SHIM
SPACER
What is one of the small blocks of lead or synthetic rubber placed under the lower edge of a glass frame to support it within a frame?
SETTING BLOCK
What is a glazing system in which sheets of tempered glass are suspended from special clamps, stabilized by perpendicular stiffeners of tempered glass, and joined by a structural silicone sealant and sometimes by metal patch plates?
GLASS MULLION SYSTEM
what do you call the installation of two parallel panes of glass with a sealed air space between to reduce the transmission of heat and sound?
DOUBLE GLAZING
What is the setting of glass in a window frame with a compression gasket instead of glazing tape or a liquid sealant?
DRY GLAZING
What is a performed strip of synthetic rubber or plastic compressed between a glass pane and a window frame to form a watertight seal and cushion for the glass?
COMPRESSION GASKET
What is a performed gasket of synthetic rubber for securing a glass pane in a window frame or opening, held in compression by forcing a keyed locking strip into a groove in the gasket?
LOCKSTRIP GASKET
What is a glazing system in which the framing members are set entirely behind the glass panes or units to form a flush exterior surface, the glass adhering to the framing with a structural silicone sealant?
FLUSH GLAZING
What is a high-strength silicone sealant capable of adhering glass to a supporting frame?
STRUCTURAL SEALANT
What is a glazing system in which the glass panes or units are supported at the head and sill in a conventional manner, with their vertical edges being joined with a structural silicone sealant without mullions?
BUTT-JOINT GLAZING
