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VISUAL DICTIONARY (ALE) > VISUAL DICTIONARY X > Flashcards

VISUAL DICTIONARY X Flashcards

1
Q

What is the art, process/ or technique of representing an object, scene, or idea by means of lines on a surface?

A

DRAWING

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2
Q

What is the technique of drawing lines to represent the contours of a subject without shading or modeling of form?

A

CONTOUR DRAWING

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3
Q

What do you call the outline of a two-dimensional shape or bounding edges of a three-dimensional form?

A

CONTOUR

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4
Q

What is the art, process, or technique of drawing by hand without the aid of drafting instruments or mechanical devices, specially for the representation of perceptions or the visualization of ideas?

A

FREEHAND DRAWING

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5
Q

What is a thin, continuous mark made on a surface with a pencil, pen, or brush, as distinguished from shading or color?

A

LINE

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6
Q

What do you call the line describing the outer boundary of a figure or object?

A

OUTLINE

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7
Q

What do you call an outline of a form or structure seen or represented from the side?

A

PROFILE

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8
Q

What is a technique of drawing a single or multiple lines freely and quickly as a subject is scanned and perceptions of volume mass movement and significant details are projected onto the drawing surface; it generally proceeds from the whole to the parts?

A

GESTURE DRAWING

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9
Q

What is the technique of drawing lines to represent a series of cuts across the surface of a form rather than its edges?

A

CROSS-CONTOUR DRAWING

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10
Q

What is a line drawn to measure or express alignment, scale, or proportion?

A

REGULATING LINE

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11
Q

What is a line lightly drawn to record alignment or measurement?

A

TRACE

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12
Q

What do you call the drawing of lines to represent the three-dimensional structure and geometry of a form proceeding generally from the whole to the constituent parts?

A

ANALYTICAL DRAWING

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13
Q

What is the technique of rendering the illusion of volume, depth, or solidity on a two-dimensional surface by shading?

A

MODELING

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14
Q

What do you call the monochromatic painting in shades of Gray to produce a three-dimensional effect?

A

GRISAILLE

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15
Q

What is the rendering of light and dark values in a drawing to create the illusion of three-dimensionality, represent light and shadow, or give the effect of color?

A

SHADING

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16
Q

What do you call shading composed of fine lines drawn in close proximity?

A

HATCHING

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17
Q

What do you call shading composed of two or more series of intersecting parallel lines?

A

CROSSHATCHING

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18
Q

What do you call shading by means of a network of random multidirectional lines?

A

SCRIBBLING

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19
Q

What do you call shading by means of dots. small spots. or short strokes?

A

STIPPLING

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20
Q

What do you call having chiefly light tones with little contrast?

A

HIGH-KEY

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21
Q

What do you call having chiefly dark tones with little contrast?

A

LOW-KEY

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22
Q

What is a simply or hastily executed drawing or painting representing the essential features of an object or scene without the details, often made as a preliminary study?

A

SKETCH

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23
Q

What is a drawing executed as an educational exercise, produced as a preliminary to a final work, or made to record observations?

A

STUDY/REFERENTIAL DRAWING

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24
Q

What is a preliminary sketch of a design or plan, specially one subject to revision?

A

DRAFT

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25
Q

What do you call the drawings made to aid in the visualization, exploration, evaluation, and communication of a concept in the design process?

A

DESIGN DRAWING

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26
Q

What is a full-scale, detailed drawing done on a wall, floor, or other large surface from which are traced the patterns for various building elements?

A

ÉPURE

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27
Q

What is a full-scale drawing of a motif or design to be transferred in preparation for a fresco, mosaic, or tapestry?

A

CARTOON

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28
Q

What is a drawing, especially a perspective of a building or interior space, artistically delineating materials, shades, and shadows; usually done for the purposes of presentation and persuasion?

A

RENDERING

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29
Q

What do you call any of a set of design drawings made to articulate and communicate a design concept or proposal as for exhibition, review, or publication?

A

PRESENTATION DRAWING

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30
Q

What is a drawing or painting in which objects are rendered in extremely fine detail to emphasize the illusion of tactile and spatial qualities?

A

TROMPE L’OEIL

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31
Q

What is a drawing that is shaded off gradually into the surrounding paper so as to leave no definite line at the border?

A

VIGNETTE

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32
Q

What is a drawing done with the aid of such instruments as T-squares, triangles, compasses, and scales, especially for the systematic representation and dimensional specification of architectural and engineering structures?

A

DRAFTING
MECHANICAL DRAWING

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33
Q

What is a rectangular system of lines and coordinates serving as a reference for locating and regulating the elements of a plan?

A

GRID

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34
Q

What is a solid line representing a contour of an object?

A

OBJECT LINE

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35
Q

What is a broken line consisting of short, closely spaced strokes, used specially to represent object lines that are hidden or removed from view?

A

DASHED LINE

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36
Q

What is a broken line consisting of a series of closely spaced dots, sometimes used in place of a dashed line?

A

DOTTED LINE

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37
Q

What is a broken line consisting of relatively long segments separated by single dashes or dots, used to represent the axis of a symmetrical element or composition?

A

CENTERLINE

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38
Q

What is the portion of the contract documents showing in accurate graphic or pictorial form the design, location, dimensions, and relationships of the elements of a project?

A

CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS
CONTRACT DRAWINGS
WORKING DRAWINGS

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39
Q

What is an embossing stamp used by a licensed architect, engineer, or other design professional, on contract drawings and specifications to show evidence of registration in the state where the work is to be performed?

A

SEAL

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40
Q

What is a short line leading the eye from a note or dimension to a reference point, line, or area?

A

LEADER

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41
Q

What do you call the v-shaped mark the apex of which is a reference point?

A

CROWFOOT

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42
Q

What is a broken line consisting of relatively long segments joined by short zigzag strokes, used to cut off a portion of a drawing?

A

BREAK LINE

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43
Q

What is a line extending from an edge or feature of an object, to which a dimension line is drawn?

A

EXTENSION LINE

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44
Q

What is a line terminated by arrows, short slashes, or dots, indicating the extent or magnitude of a part or the whole, and along which measurements are scaled and indicated?

A

DIMENSION LINE

45
Q

What is the theory of making projections of three-dimensional objects on a plane surface in order to deduce their geometric properties and relationships?

A

DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY

46
Q

What is the process or technique of representing a three-dimensional object by projecting all its points by straight lines, either parallel or converging to a picture plane?

A

PROJECTION

47
Q

What is a method of projection in which a three-dimensional object is represented by projecting lines perpendicular to a picture plane?

A

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
ORTHOGONAL PROJECTION

48
Q

What is an orthographic projection of the top or section of an object or structure on a horizontal plane, usually drawn to scale?

A

PLAN

49
Q

What is the plan of a room, suite, or entire floor of a building as seen from above after a horizontal section is cut and the upper portion removed, typically showing the form and arrangement of interior spaces and their enclosing walls, windows, and doors?

A

FLOOR PLAN

50
Q

What do you call the walls, columns, and other solids of a building that are cut in a floor plan or section drawing indicated usually in black or by hatching?

A

POCHÉ

51
Q

What is a plan of a room as seen from above but having a ceiling surfaces and elements projected downward upon it so that what would appear to the right when seen from below appears on the plan to the left?

A

REFLECTED PLAN
REFLECTED CEILING PLAN

52
Q

What is a plan showing the pattern, elements, and connections of the structural frame for a floor or roof of a building using a system of symbols and drafting line work?

A

FRAMING PLAN

53
Q

What is an imaginary line joining points of equal elevation on a surface, or its representation on a topographical plan or map?

A

CONTOUR LINE

54
Q

What is the difference in elevation represented by each contour line on a topographic plan or map?

A

CONTOUR INTERVAL

55
Q

What is a plan showing the proposed finish contours and elevations of the ground surface of a construction site?

A

GRADING PLAN

56
Q

What is a graphic symbol used on plans and maps to indicate the direction of north?

A

NORTH ARROW

57
Q

What do you call a proportion determining the relationship of a representation to that which it represents?

A

SCALE

58
Q

What is a graduated line or bar indicating the proportion between a representation and that which it represents?

A

GRAPHIC SCALE

59
Q

What is a plan showing the top view of a building especially the form of its roof?

A

ROOF PLAN

60
Q

What is a plan showing the form, location, and orientation of a building or group of buildings on a site, usually including the dimensions, contours, landscaping, and other significant features of the plot?

A

SITE PLAN
PLOT PLAN

61
Q

What is a plan showing the principal elements of a design project in the wider context of its surrounding environment?

A

AREA PLAN

62
Q

What is an orthographic projection of an object or structure as it would appear if cut through by an intersecting plane to show its internal configuration, usually drawn to scale?

A

SECTION

63
Q

What is an orthographic projection of a section made by cutting transversely, especially at right angles to the long axis of an object?

A

CROSS SECTION
TRANSVERSE SECTION

64
Q

What is an orthographic projection of a section made by cutting through the longest axis of an object?

A

LONGITUDINAL SECTION

65
Q

What is a centerline terminating in a perpendicular segment with an arrow, used to indicate where a section is cut in a plan or elevation view and the direction in which the section is to be viewed?

A

SECTION LINE

66
Q

What is an orthographic projection of a section made by cutting with a plane that is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the long axis of an object?

A

OBLIQUE SECTION

67
Q

What is an orthographic projection of an object or structure on a vertical picture plane parallel to one of its sides, usually drawn to scale?

A

ELEVATION

68
Q

What do you call the parts of a solid that receive no light because they are tangent two or turned away from a theoretical light source?

A

SHADE

69
Q

What do you call a dark figure cast upon a surface by an opaque body intercepting the rays from a theoretical light source?

A

SHADOW

70
Q

what is a brilliantly lighted area of a modeled drawing appearing as a luminous spot?

A

HIGHLIGHT

71
Q

what is any of various single-view drawings characterized by parallel lines remaining parallel to each other rather than converging as in linear perspective?

A

PARALINE DRAWING

72
Q

What do you call a drawing or model having an outer section removed to display the interior?

A

CUTAWAY

73
Q

What is a drawing that shows the individual parts of a structure or construction separately but indicates their proper relationships to each other and to the whole?

A

EXPLODED VIEW
EXPANDED VIEW

74
Q

What is a broken line consisting of relatively long segments separated by two short dashes or dots, used to represent a property line, an alternative position of a part of an object, or the relative position of an absent part?

A

PHANTOM LINE

75
Q

What is an orthographic projection of a three-dimensional object inclined to the picture plane in such a way that its three principal axes are foreshortened?

A

AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION

76
Q

What is a paraline drawing of an axonometric projection, having all lines parallel to the three principal axes drawn to scale but diagonal and curved lines distorted?

A

AXONOMETRIC

77
Q

What is an axonometric projection of a three-dimensional object inclined to the picture plane in such a way that two of its principal axes are equally foreshortened and the third appears longer or shorter than the other two?

A

DIMETRIC PROJECTION

78
Q

what is an axonometric projection of a three-dimensional object inclined to the picture plane in such a way that all three principal axes are foreshortened at a different rate?

A

TRIMETRIC PROJECTION

79
Q

What is a paraline drawing of an isometric projection, having all lines parallel to the principal axes drawn to the true length at the same scale?

A

ISOMETRIC

80
Q

what is an axonometric projection of a three-dimensional object having its principal faces equally inclined to the picture plane so that its three principal axes are equally foreshortened?

A

ISOMETRIC PROJECTION

81
Q

What is a paraline drawing of an oblique projection, having the receding lines perpendicular to the picture plane drawn to the same scale as the lines parallel to the picture plane?

A

CAVALIER DRAWING

82
Q

What is a paraline drawing of an oblique projection, having all lines parallel to the picture plane drawn to exact scale, and the receding lines perpendicular to the picture plane reduced to half scale?

A

CABINET DRAWING

83
Q

what is a method of projection in which a three-dimensional object, having one principal face parallel to the picture plane, is represented by projecting parallel lines at some angle other than 90° to the picture plane?

A

OBLIQUE PROJECTION

84
Q

what is a paraline drawing of an oblique projection having all lines and faces parallel to the picture plane drawn to exact scale, and all receding lines perpendicular to the picture plane shown at any convenient angle other than 90°, sometimes at a reduced scale to offset the appearance of distortion?

A

OBLIQUE

85
Q

What is a technique for representing three-dimensional objects and spatial relationships on a two-dimensional surface as they might appear to the eye?

A

PERSPECTIVE

86
Q

What is the illusion of space or depth depicted on a two-dimensional surface by various graphic means such as aerial perspective, continuity of outline, or vertical location?

A

PICTORIAL SPACE

87
Q

What is a technique for representing depth or distance by emphasizing the continuity of the contour of a shape perceived as being in front and concealing a part of another behind it?

A

CONTINUITY OF OUTLINE

88
Q

What is an edge of an object or surface separated from its background by an interval of space, delineated by a thicker line or by a sharp contrast in value or texture?

A

SPATIAL EDGE

89
Q

What is a technique for rendering depth a distance by muting the hue, time, and distinctiveness of objects perceived as receding from the picture plane?

A

AERIAL PERSPECTIVE
ATMOSPHERIC PERSPECTIVE

90
Q

What is a technique for representing depth or distance by placing distant objects higher in the picture plane than objects perceived as being closer?

A

VERTICAL LOCATION

91
Q

What is a technique for representing depth or distance by reducing the size of objects perceived as receding from the picture plane?

A

SIZE PERSPECTIVE

92
Q

What is a technique for representing depth or distance by gradually increasing the density of the texture of a surface perceived as receding from the picture plane?

A

TEXTURE PERSPECTIVE

93
Q

What is a mathematical system for representing three-dimensional objects and spatial relationships on a two-dimensional surface by means of perspective projection?

A

LINEAR PERSPECTIVE

94
Q

What is a method of projection in which a 3D object is represented by projecting all IB points to a picture plane by straight lines converging at an arbitrarily fixed point representing the eye of the viewer?

A

PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION

95
Q

What is a point representing the intersection of the central axis of vision and the picture plane in linear perspective?

A

CENTER OF VISION

96
Q

What is a fixed point in space representing a single eye of the viewer in linear perspective?

A

STATION POINT

97
Q

What is any of the lines projecting from the eye of the viewer to the various points on an object in linear perspective?

A

SIGHTLINE

98
Q

What is the imaginary transparent plane, coexistent with the drawing surface on which the image of a 3D object is projected?

A

PICTURE PLANE

99
Q

What is a point toward which receding parallel lines appear to converge in linear perspective located at the point where a sightline parallel to the set of lines intersects the picture plane?

A

VANISHING POINT

100
Q

What is a line representing the intersection of the picture plane and the horizontal plane through the eye of the viewer in linear perspective?

A

HORIZON LINE

101
Q

What is a horizontal line representing the intersection of the ground plane and the picture plane in linear perspective?

A

GROUND LINE
BASE LINE

102
Q

What is a horizontal plane of reference from which vertical measurements can be taken in linear perspective, usually the plane supporting the object depicted or on which the viewer stands?

A

GROUND PLANE

103
Q

What do you call the field of vision radiating outward from the eye of the viewer in linear perspective defined by sightlines forming a 15° to 30° angle with the central axis of vision?

A

CONE OF VISION

104
Q

What is the sightline indicating the direction in which the viewer is looking in linear perspective, perpendicular to the picture plane?

A

CENTRAL AXIS OF VISION

105
Q

What is a vanishing point for a set of horizontal lines receding at the 45° angle to the picture plane in linear perspective?

A

DIAGONAL VANISHING POINT
DIAGONAL POINT
DISTANCE POINT

106
Q

What do you call a linear perspective of a rectangular object or volume having a principal face parallel with the picture plane so that vertical lines parallel to the picture plane remain vertical, horizontal lines parallel to the picture plane remain horizontal, and the horizontal lines perpendicular to the picture plane appear to converge at the center of vision?

A

ONE-POINT PERSPECTIVE

107
Q

What do you call a linear perspective of a rectangular object or volume having two principal faces oblique to the picture plane so the vertical lines parallel to the picture plane remain vertical, and two horizontal sets of parallel lines oblique to the picture plane appear to converge at two vanishing points, one to the left and the other to the right?

A

TWO-POINT PERSPECTIVE

108
Q

What is a distorted image that appears in natural form only when viewed at the special angle or reflected from a curved mirror?

A

ANAMORPHOSIS

109
Q

What do you call a linear perspective of a rectangular object or volume having all principal faces oblique to the picture plane so that the three principal sets of parallel lines appear to converge at three different vanishing points

A

THREE-POINT PERSPECTIVE

VISUAL DICTIONARY (ALE) (17 decks)

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