VISUAL DICTIONARY XIII Flashcards
What is a framed opening made in a chimney to hold an open fire?
FIREPLACE
What is a vertical, incombustible structure containing a flue through which the smoke and gases of a fire or furnace are carried off to the outside and by means of which a draft is created, esp. the part of such a structure that rises above a roof?
CHIMNEY
What is a pipe for the escape of the smoke or gases of combustion?
SMOKESTACK
What is a current of air in any enclosed space, as in a room, chimney, or stove, caused by a difference in temperature or pressure?
DRAFT
what is a downward current of air in a chimney or flue, often carrying smoke with it?
DOWNDRAFT
What is an incombustible passage or duct for smoke in a chimney?
FLUE
What is a raised cover for a chimney, usually in the form of a slab or cornice?
CHIMNEY CAP
What is a cylindrical pipe of earthenware or metal, fitted on top of a chimney to increase draft and disperse smoke?
CHIMNEY POT
What is a smooth-surfaced unit of heat-resistant fire day or lightweight concrete, having a square, rectangular, or oval section, used for lining the of the flue of a chimney?
FLUE LINING
What do you call the cover for an open fireplace, or a cowl, hood, or wind cap to increase the draft of a chimney?
BONNET
What is a hood like covering for increasing the draft of a chimney or ventilator?
COWL
What is a device, consisting of wire netting or the like, used to stop or deflect sparks or embers thrown from an open fireplace or chimney?
SPARK ARRESTER
What is a metal vent for fuel-fired equipment, assembled from factory-made parts?
PREFABRICATED FLUE
What is the smoke chamber covering of a prefabricated metal fireplace unit?
SMOKE DOME
What is a metal cover or canopy for a stove, fireplace, chimney, or ventilator?
HOOD
What is a screen placed in front of a fireplace for protection, esp. from sparks or embers?
FIRE SCREEN
What do you call the construction framing of the opening of a fireplace and usually covering part of the chimney breast in a decorative manner?
MANTEL/MANTELPIECE
What is a stone or wooden lintel over a fireplace opening, or a masonry arch used in place of such a lintel?
MANTELTREE
What do you call a corner or nook near a large, open fireplace, usually provided with seating?
INGLENOOK
CHIMNEY CORNER
What is a part of a chimney or fireplace that projects out from a wall, usually inside a building?
CHIMNEY BREAST
What is an arch over a fireplace opening supporting the breast?
CHIMNEY ARCH
What is a steel lintel for carrying the masonry above the fireplace opening?
CHIMNEY BAR
CAMBER BAR
TURNING BAR
What do you call the sides of a fireplace opening supporting the mantel?
CHIMNEY CHEEK
What do you call the floor of a fireplace, usually of brick, tile, or stone, often extending a short distance into a room?
HEARTH
What do you call the part of the hearth that is contained within the fireplace itself?
BACK HEARTH
INNER HEARTH
What do you call the part of the hearth that projects into the room?
FRONT HEARTH
OUTER HEARTH
What is the smooth lining of mortar or plaster for a chimney flue?
PARGETING
PARGET
What is a movable plate for regulating the draft in a fireplace, stove, or furnace?
DAMPER
what is an enlarged area between the throat of a fireplace and the flue of a chimney?
SMOKE CHAMBER
what is a ledge at the bottom of a smoke chamber, so made as to deflect or break the downdrafts from the chimney?
SMOKE SHELF
What do you call the narrow opening between a fireplace and its flue or smoke chamber, often closed with a damper?
THROAT
What do you call the chamber containing the fire of a fireplace?
FIREBOX
What is an arch, usually of brick and in the form of half of a segmental arch, between a chimney and a header in a floor structure to support a hearth?
TRIMMER ARCH
What is a receptacle in the bottom of a fireplace or firebox for the collection and removal of ashes?
ASHPIT
What is a cast-iron door providing access to an ashpit for removing ashes, or to a chimney for removing soot?
ASHPIT DOOR
A term referring to measures taken to prevent fire or minimize the loss of life or property resulting from a fire, including limiting fire loads and hazards, confining the spread of fire with fire-resistant construction, the use of fire detection and extinguishing systems, establishment of adequate firefighting services, and the training of bldg occupants in fire safety and evacuation procedures
FIRE SAFETY
A term referring to any condition that increases the likelihood of a fire, obstructs access to firefighting equipment, or delays the egress of occupants in the event of fire
FIRE HAZARD
What do you call the amount of combustible material in a bldg, measured in pounds per square foot of floor area?
FIRE LOAD
Of or pertaining to a material capable of igniting and burning
COMBUSTIBLE
Noting or pertaining to a material, assembly, or construction having a fire-resistance rating required by its use
FIRE-RATED
FIRE-RESISTIVE
Refers to the time (in hours) a material or assembly can be expected to withstand exposure to fire without collapsing, developing any openings that permit the passage of flame or hot gases, or exceeding a specified temperature on the side away from the fire, determined by subjecting a full-size specimen to temperatures according to a standard time-temperature curve
FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING
What is the lowest temperature at which a substance will undergo spontaneous combustion and continue to burn without additional application of external heat?
IGNITION POINT
What is the lowest temperature at which a combustible liquid will give off sufficient vapor to ignite momentarily when exposed to flame?
FLASH POINT
what is a test measuring the time it takes for a controlled flame to spread across the face of a test specimen, the amount of fuel the material contributes to the fire, and the density of the smoke developed by the fire?
TUNNEL TEST
STEINER TUNNEL TEST
What is a rating of how quickly a fire can spread along the surface of an interior finish material?
FLAME-SPREAD RATING
What is a rating of the amount of combustible substances an interior finish material can contribute to fire?
FUEL-CONTRIBUTION RATING
what is a rating of the amount of smoke an interior finish material can produce when it burns?
SMOKE-DEVELOPED RATING
What is a compound used to raise the ignition point of a flammable material, thus making it more resistant to fire?
FLAME RETARDANT
What do you call the materials, such as concrete, lath and plaster, or gypsum board, used in making a bldg material, member, or system resistant to damage or destruction by fire?
FIREPROOFING
What is a mixture of mineral fibers and an inorganic binder, applied by air pressure with a spray gun to provide a thermal barrier to the heat of a fire?
SPRAY-ON FIREPROOFING
What is a coating that, when exposed to the heat of a fire, swells to form a thick insulating layer of inert gas bubbles that retards flame spread and combustion?
INTUMESCENT PAINT
What is a hollow structural-steel column filled with water to increase its fire resistance; if exposed to flame, the water absorbs heat, rises by convection to remove the heat, and is replaced with cooler water from a storage tank or a city water main?
LIQUID-FILLED COLUMN
What is a zone of a city within which certain construction types are prohibited because of fire hazards present in the zone?
FIRE ZONE
What is an open space established to prevent the spread of fire from a bldg, group of bldgs, or an area of a city to another?
FIREBREAK
What do you call any floor, wall, or roof-ceiling construction having the required fire-resistance rating to confine the spread of fire?
FIRE SEPARATION
What is a vertical or horizontal construction having the required fire-resistance rating to prevent the spread of fire from one occupancy to another in a mixed-occupancy bldg?
OCCUPANCY SEPARATION
What is the separation required between an exterior wall of a bldg and a property line, the center line of an adjacent street or public space, or the exterior wall of an adjacent bldg, all measured at night angles to the exterior wall?
DISTANCE SEPARATION
What is an area of a bldg enclosed by fire-rated construction capable of confining the spread of fire?
FIRE AREA
What is a wall having the required fire-resistance rating to prevent the spread of fire from one part of a bldg to another, extending from the foundation to a parapet above the roof and having all openings restricted to a certain percentage of the wall length and protected by self-closing or automatic closing fire assembly?
FIRE WALL
What is a fire-rated partition dividing an enclosed attic space of combustible construction, on the concealed space between a suspended ceiling and a wood-frame floor above?
DRAFT STOP
What do you call the assembly of a fire door, fire window, or fire damper, including all required hardware, anchorage, frames, and sills?
FIRE ASSEMBLY
What is an opening in a wall, floor, or roof-ceiling construction that is fitted with a fire assembly having the required fire-resistance rating for its location and use?
PROTECTED OPENING
What is a fire assembly that is normally kept in a closed position and is equipped with an approved device to insure closing and latching after having been opened for use?
SELF-CLOSING FIRE ASSEMBLY
What is a fire assembly that may remain in an open position and will close automatically if subjected to an increase in temperature or actuated by a smoke detector?
AUTOMATIC-CLOSING FIRE ASSEMBLY
What is a classification for a fire assembly having a 3-hr fire-resistance rating for protecting openings in 3-hr or 4-hr fire walls and occupancy separations?
CLASS A
What is a classification for a fire assembly having a 1-ur or 1 1/2-hr fire-resistance rating for protecting openings in 1-hr or 2-hr fire separations, exit stairways, and vertical shafts?
CLASS B
What is a classification for a fire assembly having a 3/4-hr fire-resistance rating for protecting openings in 1-hr walls, corridors, and hazardous areas?
CLASS C
What is a classification for a fire assembly having 1 1/2-hr fire-resistance rating for protecting openings in exterior walls subject to severe fire exposure from outside the bldg?
CLASS D
What is a classification for a fire assembly having a 3/4-hr fire-resistance rating for protecting openings in exterior walls subject to light or moderate fire exposure from outside the bldg?
CLASS E
What is a door assembly, including all required hardware, anchorage, frames, and sills, having the required fire-resistance rating for its location and use?
FIRE DOOR
What is a window assembly, including all required hardware, anchorage, frames, and sills, having the required fire-resistance rating for its location and use?
FIRE WINDOW
What do you call the vent designed to open automatically in the event of fire in order to remove smoke and heat from a bldg?
SMOKE VENT
What is a damper that closes an air duct automatically in the event of fire to restrict the passage of fire and smoke, required where a duct penetrates a fire wall, fire-rated shaft, or other fire separation?
FIRE DAMPER
What is a link made of fusible metal that when exposed to the heat of a fire, the link melts and causes a fire door, fire damper, or the like to close?
FUSIBLE LINK
What is an electrical system installed in a bldg to automatically sound an alarm when actuated by a fire-detection system?
FIRE-ALARM SYSTEM
What is a system of thermostats or other approved sensors for detecting the presence of fire and automatically signalling an alarm?
FIRE-DETECTION SYSTEM
What is an electronic fire alarm that is activated by the presence of smoke?
SMOKE DETECTOR
What is a water pipe extending vertically through a bldg to supply fire hoses at every floor?
STANDPIPE
What is a standpipe containing water under pressure and fitted with fire hoses for emergency use by bldg occupants?
WET STANDPIPE
what is a standpipe containing no water and used by the fire department to connect fire hoses to a fire hydrant or pumper truck?
DRY STANDPIPE
what do you call a heavy-duty hose for use in fighting fire?
FIRE HOSE
What is an upright pipe with one or more nozzles or sports for drawing water from a main, esp. for fighting fires?
HYDRANT
FIRE HYDRANT
FIREPLUG
What is a pipe fitting installed close to the ground or the exterior of a bldg, providing two or more connections through which the fire department can pump water to a standpipe or sprinkler system?
SIAMESE
What is a pump that provides the required water pressure in a standpipe or sprinkler system when the pressure in the system drops below a preselected value?
FIRE PUMP
What is an apparatus for automatically extinguishing fires in a bldg, consisting of a system of pipes in or below the ceilings, connected to a suitable water supply, and supplied with values or sprinkler heads made to open automatically at a certain temp?
SPRINKLER SYSTEM
What is a nozzle in a sprinkler system for dispersing a stream or spray of water, usually controlled by a fusible link that melts at a predetermined temp?
SPRINKLER HEAD
What is a system of devices and equipment that automatically detects a fire and discharges an approved fire-extinguishing agent onto or in the area of fire?
AUTOMATIC FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
What is a sprinkler system containing water at sufficient pressure to provide an immediate, continuous discharge through sprinkler heads that open automatically in the event of fire?
WET-PIPE SYSTEM
What is a sprinkler system containing pressurized air that is released when a sprinkler head opens in the event of fire, allowing water to flow through the piping and out the opened nozzle?
DRY-PIPE SYSTEM
What is a dry-pipe sprinkler system through which water flow is controlled by a valve operated by fire-detection devices more sensitive than those in the sprinkler heads?
PREACTION SYSTEM
What type of fire-extinguishing system is used where the piping is subject to freezing?
DRY-PIPE SYSTEM
What type of fire-extinguishing system is used when an accidental discharge would damage valuable materials?
PREACTION SYSTEM
What is a sprinkler system having sprinkler heads open at all times, through which water flow is controlled by a valve operated by a heat, smoke, or flame-sensing device?
DELUGE SYSTEM
What type of fire involves combustible materials, such as wood, paper, and cloth, on which the quenching or cooling effect of water is of primary importance?
CLASS A FIRE
What type of fire involves flammable liquids, such as gasoline, oil, and grease, which must be extinguished by excluding air and inhibiting the release of combustible vapors?
CLASS B FIRE
What type of fire involves live electrical equipment, which requires a nonconducting extinguishing medium?
CLASS C FIRE
What type of fire involves certain combustible metals, such as magnesium or sodium, which requires a nonreactive, heat-absorbing extinguishing medium?
CLASS D FIRE
What is a portable apparatus for putting out a small fire by ejecting pressurized water or special chemicals classified according to the type of fire it is able to extinguish?
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
What is that portion of a means of egress that leads to an exit specified in bldg codes?
EXIT ACCESS
What do you call a continuous path of travel from any point in a bldg to the outside at ground level?
MEANS OF EGRESS
What is an enclosed and protected path of escape for the occupants of a bldg in the event of fire, leading from an exit access to an exit discharge?
EXIT
What do you call a passage through or around a wall constructed as required for an occupancy separation, protected by an automatic-closing fire door, and leading to an area of refuge in the same bldg or on approximately the same level in an adjacent bldg?
HORIZONTAL EXIT
What is the portion of an exit access that occupants are required to traverse before entering two separate and distinct paths of egress travel?
COMMON PATH OF TRAVEL
What do you call an area affording safety from fire or smoke coming from the area from which escape is made and where persons unable to use stairways can remain temporarily to await assistance during an emergency evacuation?
AREA OF REFUGE
AREA OF RESCUE ASSISTANCE
What do you call the enclosing of an exit stairway by walls of fire-resistive construction, accessible by a vestibule or by an open exterior balcony, and ventilated by natural or mechanical means to limit the penetration of smoke and heat?
SMOKEPROOF ENCLOSURE
What do you call a shaft for air, light, stairs, or an elevator, extending vertically through the floors of a bldg?
WELL
What is an illuminated sign identifying a required exit?
EXIT LIGHT
What is a lighting system designed to supply the illumination required for safe egress from a bldg in the event of a power failure?
EMERGENCY LIGHTING
What do you call a passageway serving as a required exit, enclosed by walls of fire-resistive construction?
EXIT CORRIDOR
What is a door providing access to a means of egress, swinging in the direction of exit travel, and usually equipped with a panic bar?
EXIT DOOR
What is a stairway leading to an exit passageway, an exit court, or public way, enclosed by fire-resistive construction with self-closing fire doors that swing in the direction of exit travel?
EXIT STAIRWAY
What is an exit stairway down an outside wall of a bldg, constructed to the same standards as an interior exit stairway?
FIRE ESCAPE
What is an exit door opening directly to an exit court or public way?
EXTERIOR EXIT
what do you call that portion of a means of egress that leads from an exit to an exit court or public way?
EXIT DISCHARGE
EGRESS COURT
What is a yard or court providing egress to a public way for one or more required exits?
EXIT COURT
What is a street, alley, or similar parcel of land open to the sky and deeded, dedicated, or otherwise permanently appropriated for the free passage and use of the general public?
PUBLIC WAY
What is a means of egress connecting a required exit or exit court with a public way, having no openings other than required exits and enclosed by fire-resistive construction as required for the walls, floors, and ceiling of the bldg served?
EXIT PASSAGEWAY
What do you call the total number of persons that may occupy a bldg or portion thereof at any one time, determined by dividing the floor area assigned to a particular use by the square feet per occupant permitted in that use?
OCCUPANT LOAD
