Viruses And Bacterias Flashcards
COXSACKIE A
RNA Virus
Herpangina
Hand, Foot, and Mouth disease.
What is the most common bacteria in the mouth?
While the abundance of bacterial species found in orodental infections is estimated at around 350
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Actinomyces naeslundii
Spirochete Treponema denticola
are three of the more common bacteria.
3 rappers!
P.Gin
Actin’ Naesii
Spiro T-Den-Cola
T/F
Infants born via C-section are colonized by S Mutans earlier than infants born vaginally?
True.
Vaginal delivery plays an important role in acquisition of the oral biome.
What is the first Bacteria to colonize in the mouth of a newborn?
S. EPIDERMIS
first microorganism to colonize newborn’s oral cavity between 10 min and 8 h (30.7%) after birth, and the counts of this microorganism increased by approximately 90% after 53 h of neonatal life.
Bacteria found in ECC?
Streptococcus mutans. (S. Mutans)
Streptococcus sobrinus.
Lactobacillus.
The main bacteria responsible for dental caries.
ECC has been shown to be a very common, TRANSMISSIBLE bacterial infection, usually passed from the primary caregiver to the child.
Streptococcus Sobrinus.
+🛑
Role in Oral flora?
STREPTOCOCCUS SOBRINUS
——————————————
GRAM-POSITIVE, catalase-negative, NON-MOTILE, and ANAEROBIC
+ 🛑
S. sobrinus is also affiliated with early childhood caries, ECC.
Children generally acquire S. sobrinus strains from their MOTHER, but the relatively high consumption of sugars by minors facilitates bacterial growth and threatens the onset of early childhood tooth decay.
Porphyromonas Gingivalis.
“P.Gin”
-🛑 🏋️♂️
Role and location in oral flora
PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS
———————————————
-phylum Bacteroidetes and is a NON-MOTILE, Gram-NEGATIVE, ROD-shaped, ANAEROBIC, pathogenic bacterium. It forms BLACK colonies on blood agar.
-🛑
implicated in PERIODONTAL DISEASE.
- COLLAGEN DEGRADATION observed in chronic periodontal disease results in part from the collagenase enzymes of this species.
- can invade human gingival fibroblasts and can SURVIVE 🏋️♂️ in the presence of antibiotics.
“P. gingivalis is his name,
Collagen destruction is his game…”
Treponema denticola
“Spiro’T-Den Cola”
- ⛷♥️
Role and location in oral flora
TREPONEMA DENTICOLA
————————————
Gram-NEGATIVE, obligate ANAEROBIC, MOTILE and highly proteolytic SPIROCHETE bacterium.
- ⛷
SUBGINGIVAL oral spirochete has been associated with many PERIODONTAL DISEASE conditions such as: the early stage of periodontitis, acute PEROCORINITUS , as well as necrotising ulcerative gingivitis NUG.
The TOXIC products of treponema denticola may damage the surface lining periodontal cells making them more prone to damage as well as LYSIS.
Treponema denticola ATTACHES to FIBROBLASTS and EPITHELIAL cells
- can penetrate gingival tissues and circulate through blood vessels, with opportunity to invade the HEART ❤️ and CARDIOVASCULAR epithelium in medium to large arteries – including aorta, coronary and carotid arteries
- a potential etiological bacterial agent for ORAL CANCER. It encourages ONCOGENESIS
What three bacteria that form
THE RED COMPLEX? 🚩
RED COMPLEX🚩
———————
The red complex is a group of bacteria that are categorized together based on their association with SEVERE FORMS of PERIODONTAL DISEASE.
- Porphyromonas gingivalis “P.Gin”
- Tannerella forsythia “T-Force”
- Treponema denticola “Spiro T-Den Cola”
4 ♦️
Things required for Dental Caries
🦷 🦠 🍭 🕒
Four ♦️ things are required for caries formation:
- TOOTH 🦷 surface (enamel or dentin) DUH
- caries-causing BACTERIA🦠
- fermentable CARBOHYDRATES 🍭
- TIME 🕒
🦷🦠🍭🕒
What is the bacterial shift as Caries progresses?
The MOST COMMOM bacteria associated with DENTAL CARIES are prominently,
- Streptococcus Mutans
- Streptococcus Sobrinus
- Lactobacilli.
These organisms can produce high levels of LACTIC ACID following FERMENTATION of dietary sugars and are resistant to the adverse effects of low pH.
However, cariogenic bacteria are present in dental plaque, but they are usually in TOO LOW CONCENTRATIONS to cause problems UNLESS there is a SHIFT in the balance.
**As the CEMENTUM of root surfaces is more easily demineralized than enamel surfaces, a WIDER VARIETY of BACTERIA can cause root caries, including **
- Lactobacillus acidophilus
- Actinomyces spp
- Nocardia spp
- Streptococcus mutans.
Bacteria collect around the teeth and gums in a sticky, creamy-coloured mass called plaque, which serves as a biofilm
HPV 2, 6 and 11?
What is another name?
Oral FIndings?
What should be suspected?
CONDYLOMA ACUMINATUM
ORAL condylomas are associated with HPV 2, 6, and 11
condyloma acuminatum lesions are found in the GENITAL AREAS and are considered a sexually transmitted disease, STD.
Clinically, these lesions are similar in appearance to papillomas but are usually LARGER in size and are MORE CLUSTERED. Also, condylomas are known to be MORE DIFFUSE and DEEPLY ROOTED then papillomas.
These lesions are most commonly found on the LABIAL MUCOSA, SOFT PALATE , and LINGUAL FRENUM.
Condylomas arise through oral sex as well as by autoinoculation or as a result of maternal transmission. Most often, condylomas in the oral cavity are related to oral-genital contact.
When these lesions are diagnosed in CHILDREN, the examining clinician should be aware that their presence may be an indication of SEXUAL ABUSE, and the appropriate authorities should be notified.
Suffix “-ITIS“ means?
Suffix meaning INFLAMMATION
Eg: GingivITIS, BronchITIS, KeratITIS
Suffix “EMIA” means?
Suffix meaning BLOOD or referring to the presence of a SUBSTANCE in the blood.
EG: anEMIA, leukEMIA, hypervolEMIA
Suffix “-PENIA” means?
The suffix (-penia) means to LACK or to have a DEFICIENCY.
Eg: neutroPENIA, leukoPENIA,
