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Path: Infectious Disease > Virus1 > Flashcards

Virus1 Flashcards

1
Q

these are essential to prevent viremia

A

antibodies

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2
Q

these cells attack virally infected cells w/ decreased MHC class 1 expression

A

NK

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3
Q

this mediates lysis of virus infected cells in CMI

A

CD8 (CD4 necessary for initial reaction)

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4
Q

cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Purkinje cells in rabies

A

negri bodies

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5
Q

this virus has both nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

A

CMV

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6
Q

this cytoplasmic change seen in papilloma virus

A

Koliocytosis

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7
Q

infiltrate in viral response

A

perivascular mononuclear (lymphocytes and MP)

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8
Q

causes most cases of rabies worldwide (especially in Mexico and Middle East)

A

wild dogs

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9
Q

receptor for EBV on MP

A

CD21 complement receptor

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10
Q

rabies attaches to this kind of receptor

A

Ach

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11
Q

receptor for rhinovirus

A

ICAM-1

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12
Q

cell required for JC virus

A

oligodendroyctes

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13
Q

kind of inflammation seen in viral infection

A

lymphocytic (w or w/o necrosis)

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14
Q

these present target antigens of virus on host infected cell

A

MHC class I

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15
Q

in cell mediated response to viral infection…inhibits RNA translation –> effects viral translation more than host functions

A

g-interferons

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16
Q

in cell mediated response to viral infection…activates antiviral responses

A

a, B interferons

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17
Q

these are antiviral cytokines

A

a, B, g interferons

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18
Q

HIV and EBV disseminate via this

A

lymphoid

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19
Q

3 features that determine pathology of viral illness

A

distribution, cytopathic features, host immune reaction

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20
Q

inclusion bodies in herpes and varicella

A

Cowdry type A intranuclear

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21
Q

inclusion bodies in rabies

A

cytoplasmic negri bodies

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22
Q

inclusion bodies in papillomavirus

A

koliocytes

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23
Q

inclusion bodies in hepatitis

A

Councilman bodies

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24
Q

this virus has Councilman bodies (necrotic cells)

A

hepatitis

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25
Q

giant cells seen in measles

A

Warthin-Finkeldey (with intracytoplasmic/intranuclear inclusion bodies)

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26
Q

inclusion bodies seen in adenovirus

A

smudge cells and Cowdry type A (intranuclear)

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27
Q

see ground glass cytoplasm in this viral infection

A

hepatitis

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28
Q

do you see abscesses in viral infection?

A

no

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29
Q

what is reservoir for childhood illness viruses (CP/MMR)

A

human

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30
Q

transmission for CP/MMR

A

respiratory drop nuclei

31
Q

when do CP/MMR cases peak during the year?

A

late winter and spring

32
Q

where does varicella/MMR replicate?

A

nasopharynx and regional LN

33
Q

typical incubation period for Varicella

A

14-16 days

34
Q

where does Varicella rash typically begin? where is it concentrated after spread?

A

head; trunk

35
Q

successive crops of these occur every 2-4 days in Varicella infection

A

pruritic vesicles

36
Q

how long does mild prodrome last in Varicella infection?

A

1-2 days

37
Q

possible complications for Varicella infection

A

secondary bacterial infection (of vesicle), CNS manifestations, pneumonia (rare in children)

38
Q

groups of patients that are at risk of increased complications in Varicella infection

A

normal adults, immunocompromised persons, newborns

39
Q

if mom gets rash in this time period from delivery, her newborn is at high risk of Varicella/complications of infection

A

5 days before or 48 hours after

40
Q

this occurs as result of reactivated Varicella zoster virus

A

herpes zoster

41
Q

virus responsible for chicken pox

A

Varicella

42
Q

latent infection of these with Varicella seen in Herpes zoster

A

sensory ganglia

43
Q

most frequent distribution of lesions in herpes zoster

A

trigeminal nerve

44
Q

herpes zoster associated with these risk factors

A

aging, immunosuppression, intrauterine exposure, Varicella

45
Q

when does primary viremia due to measles exposure occur? when does secondary viremia occur? (time after exposure of virus)

A

2-3 days; 5-7 days

46
Q

incubation period for measles

A

10-12 days

47
Q

3 C of measles symptoms

A

cough, coryza, conjunctivitis (also stepwise increase in fever to 103)

48
Q

symptoms of measles prodromal stage

A

fever (up to 103 or higher), cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots

49
Q

time it takes for rash to develop after prodrome in measles infection; how long is this after exposure?

A

2-4 days; 14 days

50
Q

kind of rash measles has

A

maculopapular

51
Q

how long does measles rash last?

A

5-6 days

52
Q

these are associated with lymphoid hyperplasia in measles infection

A

warthin-finkeldy multinucleated giant cells

53
Q

possible dangerous complication of measles infection

A

sub-acute sclerosing pan encephalitis

54
Q

aka the “German” or “3 day measles”

A

rubella

55
Q

viremia in rubella occurs this many days after exposure (spread to tissues)

A

5-7 days

56
Q

incubation period for rubella

A

14 days (12-23)

57
Q

symptoms of prodromal stage of rubella infection

A

low grade fever, lymphadenopathy (in second week)

58
Q

description of rash in rubella; when does it occur after exposure?

A

maculopapular; 14-17 days

59
Q

major symptoms of congenital rubella syndrome (TORCH)

A

deafness, cataracts, heart defects, mental retardation

60
Q

viremia in mumps occurs this time frame after exposure

A

12-25 days

61
Q

incubation period for mumps

A

14-18 days

62
Q

will see this complication/symptom in mumps infection in 30-40% of patients

A

parotitis

63
Q

mumps may present as this in preschool aged children

A

LRT infection

64
Q

acute viral illness with parotitis and orchitis (20-50% post-pubertal males)

A

mumps

65
Q

recommended age/minimum age for MMR vaccine

A

12 months

66
Q

second dose for MMR a this age

A

4-6 years

67
Q

contraindications for MMR vaccine

A

pregnancy, immunosuppression (OK for asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic HIV), acute illness, recent blood product

68
Q

complications of mumps infection

A

orchitis/sterility, encephalitis

69
Q

virus used in small pox vaccination

A

vaccinia

70
Q

mode of transmission for small pox

A

prolonged face-to-face contact, direct contact w/ body fluids (rare aerosolization)

71
Q

incubation period for small pox

A

12-14 days

72
Q

how long does prodrome period of small pox last (fever, malaise, body aches, vomiting)?

A

2-4 days

73
Q

where does small pox rash begin (lesions ulcerate then release virions)?

A

tongue and mouth

74
Q

where does small pox rash spread after it starts on face?

A

arms, legs, hands, feet (then to rest of body in 24 hours)

Path: Infectious Disease (10 decks)

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