Virus Families Flashcards
1
Q
type of pathogen of virus
A
- obligate intracellular parasite
- can only replicate inside a host cell
2
Q
outside of virus
A
- may be enveloped or naked
3
Q
viral genomes
A
- DNA
- RNA
4
Q
different steps in virus life cycle may provide
A
- targets for antiviral therapy
5
Q
generic virus life cycle
A
- attachment
- entry
- uncoating
- synthesis of protein and nucleic acid
- assembly
- release
6
Q
main components of viruses
A
- protein
- nucleic acids
- lipids
- sugars
7
Q
virion
A
- entire virus particle
8
Q
envelope
A
- may have glycoprotein spike
9
Q
capsid
A
- protein coat surrounding inner part of virus
- basic unit of structure
10
Q
nucleocapsid
A
- protein coat surrounding genome
11
Q
capsomere
A
- subunit
12
Q
envelope derived from
A
- host cell membranes
13
Q
envelope contains
A
- virally encoded proteins that are usually glycoproteins
14
Q
envelope glycoproteins form
A
- spike on surface
15
Q
envelope virus morphology
A
- pleomorphic
- determined by cell of origin
16
Q
functions of capsid proteins
A
- protects viral nucleic acid from environmental stress
- interacts specifically with viral nucleic acid for packaging
- interacts with host receptors for entry to cell
- release of nucleic acid upon entry into new cell
- viral and/or host gene regulation
17
Q
how HIV is unique
A
- nucleocapsid and capsid
18
Q
isocahedral viruses
A
- vast majority
19
Q
isocahedral viruses shape
A
- spherical
20
Q
isocahedral viruses limitation
A
- amount of nucleic acid limited by size of particle
- closed
21
Q
helical virus shape
A
- rod-shaped
22
Q
helical virus limitation
A
- no limit to amount of nucleic acid that can be packaged
- open
23
Q
DNA viruses examples
A
- Poxviridae
- Herpesviridae
- Adenoviridae
- Papovaviridae
- Hepadnaviridae
- Parvoviridae
PHAP HP
24
Q
viral genome functions
A
- genome replication
- genome assembly and packaging
- regulation of replication cycle
- modulation of host defenses
25
not in genome
- genes that encode for protein synthesis machinery
- energy metabolism
- membrane biosynthesis
26
outer envelope of enveloped virus composed of
- phospholipids
- proteins
- glycoproteins
27
enveloped virus released by
- budding
28
enveloped virus in heat, acids, drying
- sensitive
29
enveloped virus and GI tract disease
- less likely
30
non enveloped virus outer covering
- capsid protein
31
non enveloped virus released by
- lysis
32
noneveloped virus in heat, acids, dyring
- resistant
33
non enveloped virus in GI tract
- survive GI tract
34
which viruses are more likely to be latent
- DNA viruses
35
RNA virus replication more prone to
- errors
36
what do RNA viruses use for replication
- virus-encoded enzymes
37
what do DNA viruses use for replication
- host enzymes
38
example of grouping by disease process
- viral hepatitis
39
hep A virus
- picornavirus
| - +ssRNA
40
hep B virus
- orthohepadnavirus
| - dsDNA
41
hep C virus
- hepacivirus
| - +ssRNA
42
hep D virus
- deltavirus
| - -ssRNA
43
herpesvirus family examples
- HSV-1
- HSV-2
- VZV
- CMV
- EBV
44
alpha herpes viruses examples
- HSV-1
| - HSV-2
45
alpha herpes virus action
- establish clinical latency in neuroglanglia
46
beta and gamma herpes virus action
- infect lymphocytic cells
47
primary infection HSV-1 HSV-2
- mouth or genital herpes
48
HSV-1 HSV-2 infection via
- direct contact
49
HSV-1 HSV-2 reactivation
- cold sore
| - genital herpes
50
VZV which one more contagious
- chickenpox
51
varicella complication
- bacterial superinfection
- pneumonitis
- hepatitis
- encephalitis
52
clue for varicella infection
- unilateral on one side
- band on back
- painful
53
symptomology of CMV
- asyptomatic
| - can be infectious mono
54
disease of CMV
- congenital infections
| - disease in immunocompromised
55
EBV cause
- infectious mononucleosis
56
Influenza A virus group
- orthomyxovirus
57
influenza A virus nucleic acid
- -ssRNA
| - segmented
58
another important virus with a segmented genome
- rotavirus
59
subtypes named based on
- envelope hemagglutinin
| - neuraminidase
