Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IMM Exam 2 > Vaccines > Flashcards

Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

active immunity

A
  • the body’s response to exposure to a potential pathogen leading to long term protective response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

active immunity via

A
  • immunization
  • natural infection
  • exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

passive immunity

A
  • created via transfer of pre-formed antibodies to an individual
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

passive immunization products

A
  • pooled polyclonal antibody
  • hyperimmune antibody preparations
  • monoclonal antibodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

passive immunization memory

A
  • short lived

- does not induce memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

passive immunization common uses

A
  • when immediate protection needed
  • host unable to produce adequate immune response
  • no safe or effective vaccine is available to provide active immunity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

exposure to rabies

A
  • administration of rabies immune globulin (RIG)

and rabies vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

RIG

given where

A
  • hyperimmune serum - passive immunity that will go away
  • 1/2 dose at site where bitten
  • rest into muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

RSV monoclonal antibody given for

A
  • given monthly to neonates

- to prevent severe RSV infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

common situations in which passive immunization is used

A
  • protection against toxins
  • use of RhoGam
  • administration of IvIg
  • antibody products directed against specific viral antigens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

protection against toxins

A
  • tetanus
  • botulism
  • diphtheria
  • snake venom
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

polyclonal gamma immunoglobulin (IVIg) used for

A
  • serious deficiencies of humoral immune system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

use of RhoGam

A
  • prevent Rh positives numbers from becoming sensitized to fetal Rh+ erythrocytes
  • prevent hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RhoGam includes

A
  • antibody against D antigen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

types of vaccines

A
  • inactivation and attenuated bacterial and viral vaccines
  • purified antigen/subunit vaccines
  • synthetic/recombinant vaccines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to produce inactivated vaccines

A
  • grow large numbers of virus or bacteria

- kill them using heat or chemical fixation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how to produce attenuated, live vaccines

A
  • repeated passages of organism through cell culture or laboratory animals
  • until non-virulent organism is isolated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

protection in inactivated bacterial vaccines

A
  • limited protection

- short lived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

protection of inactivated viral vaccines

A
  • not as good or long-lived protection
20
Q

examples of inactivated viral vaccines

A
  • inactivated flu
  • rabies
  • polio
21
Q

protection from attenuated, live viral vaccines

A
  • effective

- long term protection

22
Q

attenuated, live viral vaccines immunity length

A
  • may be lifelong

- booster doses are recommended for some vaccines

23
Q

attenuated, live viral vaccines examples

A
  • MMR
  • VZV
  • RV
  • nasal flu
24
Q

attenuated bacterial vaccine example

A
  • BCG for TB
25
Q

advantage of attenuated, live viral vaccines

A
  • generation of both antibody response and CTL response
26
Q

patient concern of attenuated, live viral vaccines

A
  • those with immune deficiency
27
Q

how are toxoid vaccines made

A
  • toxins inactivated

- by chemical modification

28
Q

toxoid vaccines effectiveness

A
  • very effective immunogens
29
Q

toxoid vaccines examples

A
  • Tdap
30
Q

purified polysaccharide antigens couple with

A
  • proteins
31
Q

conjugate vaccine example

A
  • Hib vaccine
32
Q

advantage of conjugate vaccine

A
  • very safe
33
Q

disadvantage of conjugate vaccine/ synthetic recombinant antigen vaccine

A
  • short shelf life
  • difficulty in producing the vaccine
  • failure to stimulate CTL response
34
Q

example of synthetic/recombinant antigen vaccine

A
  • hep B vaccine
35
Q

why can’t be combine all vaccines

A
  • risk of interference with immune response generated b another vaccine component
36
Q

testing of combination vaccines

A
  • all tested to confirm adequate immune response for each component
37
Q

adjuvants

A
  • substances added to vaccine to improve or stimulate immune response
38
Q

common adjuvants

A
  • aluminum salts
39
Q

diluent

A
  • water or saline
40
Q

stabilizers

A
  • maintain vaccine potency
41
Q

example of stabilizers

A
  • monosodium glutamate
  • albumin
  • phenols
  • gelatin
  • glycine
42
Q

risks of immunization

A
  • local reactions
  • mild systemic reactions
  • varied allergic reactions
43
Q

thimerosal

A
  • compound previously used as a vaccine preservative

- contains ethylmercury

44
Q

ethylmercury exposure

A
  • exposure to neurology disease
45
Q

role of vaccines in other childhood disorders concerns

A
  • SIDS
  • MS
  • autoimmune disease

these diseases pop up around the time that these vaccines are given

IMM Exam 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions