Virology III Flashcards
influenza virus
orthomyxoviruses
enveloped
negative ssRNA
8 segment genome
hemagglutinin
in influenza virus - promote viral entry
neuraminidase
in influenza virus - promote progeny virion release
live attenuated vaccine
replicat in nose - not lung
genetic shift
causes pandemics
dangerous
genetic drift
causes epidemics
less dangerous
sudden shift more deadly than gradual drift
genetic shift worse than genetic drift
blueberry muffin baby
congenital rubella infection
-extramedullary hematopoiesis
rubella virus
togavirus
german 3 day measles
fine clonfluent macule rash that starts on face and spread centrifugally to involve trunk and extremities
rubella rash
paramyxovirus
disease in children
all have surface F protein - fusion to respiratory epithelium
laivizumab
monoclonal Ab against F protein - prevent pnueumonia caused by RSV in premature infants
croup
parainfluenza - is a paramyxovirus
seal like bark and inspiratory stridor
steeple sign on Xray
measles virus
paramyxovirus
prodrome fever with cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, eventual koplik spots, maculopapular rash starts at head/neck and spreads down
measles
koplik spots
measles
red spot with blue white center
coryza
rhinitis
reduce measles mortality
vit A supplements
mumps
paramyxovirus
covered in MMR vaccine
parotitis, orchitis, aseptic meningitis
mumps
risk of sterility
bullet shaped virus
rabies virus
negri bodies
rabies virus
cytoplasmic inclusions
rabies virus infection
long incubation before sx
- travel to CNS - migrating retrograde up nerve axon
- bind ACh receptor
bat, raccoon, skunk bite
fever, malaise > agitation, photophobia, hydrophobia, hypersalivation > paralysis, coma > death
ebola virus
filovirus
target endothelial cells, phagocytes, hepatocytes
flu-like sx, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, myalgia, DIC, diffuse hemorrhage
no tx - supportive care
transmission - direct contact body fluid
hepatitis A virus
RNA picornavirus
fecal oral route
hepatitis B virus
DNA hepadnavirus
sexual transmission
hepatitis C virus
RNA flavivirus
blood transmission
hepatitis D virus
RNA delta virus
require hep B
hepatitis E virus
RNA hepevirus
councilman bodies
eosinophilic apoptotic globules
with hepatitis
and elevated ALT and AST
anti-HAV IgM
acute hepatitis A
anti-HAV IgG
prior hep A infection or vaccination
-protect against reinfection
HBsAg
surface Ag hepatitis B
indicates infection
anti-HBs
antibody to HBsAg
-indicate immunity to hep B
HBcAg
core hepatitis B antigen
anti-HBc
IgM - acute recent infection
IgG - prior exposure - chronic infection
window period
IgM anti-HBc may be sole positive marker
viral hepatitis
ALT > AST
alcoholic hepatitis
AST > ALT
HBeAg
indicate active viral replication
-high transmission
anti-HBeAg
low transmission
indicate hepatitis B infection
HBsAg
-decreased in window period
when recovered and immunized - anti-HBsAg
high vs. low infective hepatitis B
HBeAg - high
anti-HBeAg - low
